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- NIHPA Author Manuscripts
- PMC3998641
Pediatr Pulmonol. Author manuscript; available in PMC Apr 24, 2014.
Published in final edited form as:
PMCID: PMC3998641
NIHMSID: NIHMS571691
Edgar E. Sarria, MD, PhD,1,2 Rita Mattiello, PT, PhD,1,2 Weiguo Yao, PhD,1 Valentina Chakr, MD, MS,2 Christina J. Tiller, RRT,1 Jeffrey Kisling, RRT,1 Rebeka Tabbey, MS,3 Zhangsheng Yu, PhD,3 Mark H. Kaplan, PhD,4 and Robert S. Tepper, MD, PhD1,*
Summary
Background
Childhood asthma is often characterized by recurrent wheezing, airway hyper-reactivity, atopy, and altered immune characteristics; however, our understanding of the development of these relationships from early in life remains unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether atopy, cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and airway responsiveness, assessed in infants and toddlers, are associated with asthma and airway responsiveness at 4-years of age.
Methods
Infants with eczema (N = 116), enrolled prior to wheezing, were assessed at entry (mean age of 10.7 months), at 1-year follow-up (N = 112), and at 4-years of age (N = 94). Total serum IgE, specific IgE to allergens, and cytokines produced by stimulated PBMCs, were assessed at entry and 1-year follow-up. Spirometry was obtained at all 3-visits, while airway reactivity to methacholine was assessed at entry and 1-year follow-up, and bronchodilator (BD) responsiveness, as well as current asthma was assessed at 4-years of age.
Results
We found that pre-school children with asthma had lower spirometry and a greater BD-response. Serum IgE, particularly to egg and/or milk, and altered cytokine production by PBMCs at entry to the study were associated with asthma, lower spirometry, and greater airway responsiveness at 4-years of age. In addition, we found that airway responsiveness, as well as spirometry, tracked from infancy to 4-years of age.
Conclusions
While spirometry and airway responsiveness track longitudinally from early in life, atopy and cytokine production by PBMCs are associated not only with an increased risk of pre-school asthma, but also lower spirometry and increased airway responsiveness.
Keywords: airway reactivity, bronchodilator response, infants, pre-school children, spirometry
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