Association of Changes in Air Quality With Bronchitic Symptoms in Children in California, 1993-2012

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Kiros Berhane, PhD1; Chih-Chieh Chang, PhD1; Rob McConnell, MD1; W. James Gauderman, PhD1; Edward Avol, MS1; Ed Rapapport, MPH1; Robert Urman, PhD1; Fred Lurmann, MS2; Frank Gilliland, MD, PhD1

[+] Author Affiliations

JAMA. 2016;315(14):1491-1501. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.3444.

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ABSTRACT | INTRODUCTION | METHODS | RESULTS | DISCUSSION | CONCLUSIONS |ARTICLE INFORMATION | REFERENCES

Importance  Childhood bronchitic symptoms are significant public and clinical health problems that produce a substantial burden of disease. Ambient air pollutants are important determinants of bronchitis occurrence.

Objective  To determine whether improvements in ambient air quality in Southern California were associated with reductions in bronchitic symptoms in children.

Serum decoy receptor 3 is a biomarker for disease severity in nonatopic asthma patients

Ming-Han Chen

,

 Hung-Tsai Kan

,

 Chun-Yu Liu

,

 Wen-Kuang Yu

,

 Shinn-Shing Lee

,

 Jia-Horng Wang

,

 Shie-Liang Hsieh

Open Access

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfma.2016.01.007

Article Info

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Background/Purpose

Decoy receptor 3 (DcR3), a soluble receptor of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, is a pleiotropic immunomodulator. The aim of this study was to investigate serum DcR3 levels in atopic and nonatopic asthma patients.

Asthma in furniture and wood processing workers: a systematic review

Occup Med (Lond) (2016) 66 (3):193-201. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqv149

R. E. Wiggans¹,², 

G. Evans³, 

D. Fishwick¹,² and 

C. M. Barber¹,²

+Author Affiliations

1. ¹ Centre for Workplace Health, Health and Safety Laboratory, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK,
2. ² Centre for Workplace Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield SK17 9JN, UK,
3. ³ Analytical Sciences Unit, Health and Safety Laboratory, Buxton SK17 9JN, UK.

1. 
   

Abstract

Background Wood dust is a common cause of occupational asthma. There is potential for high exposure to wood dust during furniture and wood manufacturing processes.

Aims To evaluate the evidence for non-neoplastic respiratory ill health associated with work in the furniture and wood manufacturing sector.

Asthma in the elderly: the effect of choline supplementation

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology201612:15

 

DOI: 10.1186/s13223-016-0121-5

• Michele Columbo and
• Albert S. Rohr

Abstract

Background

Asthma in the elderly is poorly understood as very few studies have included these patients. DNA methylation can affect the expression of asthma susceptibility genes. Methyl groups can be produced through a choline dependent pathway. Asthmatics have decreased serum choline. We studied the effect of choline supplementation in elderly asthmatics and associations between different parameters at baseline.

The cytokine interleukin-26 as a biomarker in pediatric asthma

LETTER TO THE EDITOR

OPEN ACCESS

• Jon R. Konradsen,
• Björn Nordlund,
• Bettina Levänen,
• Gunilla Hedlin and
• Anders LindenEmail author

Respiratory Research201617:32

DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0351-6

Abstract

In this pilot study, we examined associations between local interleukin (IL)-26, disease severity and biomarkers of Th2-mediated inflammation in a well-defined cohort of pediatric patients (14 years median age, 41 % females) with controlled (n = 28) or uncontrolled (n = 48) asthma.

Detailed analysis of sputum and systemic inflammation in asthma phenotypes: are paucigranulocytic asthmatics really non-inflammatory?

• Sophie DemarcheEmail author,
• Florence Schleich,
• Monique Henket,
• Virginie Paulus,
• Thierry Van Hees and
• Renaud Louis

BMC Pulmonary MedicineBMC series – open, inclusive and trusted201616:46

DOI: 10.1186/s12890-016-0208-2

©  Demarche et al. 2016

Abstract

Background

The technique of induced sputum has allowed to subdivide asthma patients into inflammatory phenotypes according to their level of granulocyte airway infiltration. There are very few studies which looked at detailed sputum and blood cell counts in a large cohort of asthmatics divided into inflammatory phenotypes. The purpose of this study was to analyze sputum cell counts, blood leukocytes and systemic inflammatory markers in these phenotypes, and investigate how those groups compared with healthy subjects.

Eosinophilic esophagitis–linked calpain 14 is an IL-13–induced protease that mediates esophageal epithelial barrier impairment

JCI Insight. 2016;1(4):e86355. doi:10.1172/jci.insight.86355

Benjamin P. Davis,1 Emily M. Stucke,1 M. Eyad Khorki,1 Vladislav A. Litosh,1 Jeffrey K. Rymer,1 Mark Rochman,1 Jared Travers,1 Leah C. Kottyan,1,2 and Marc E. Rothenberg1

First published April 7, 2016 - More info

Research Article Immunology

Abstract

We recently identified a genome-wide genetic association of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) at 2p23 spanning the calpain 14 (CAPN14) gene, yet the causal mechanism has not been elucidated. We now show that recombinant CAPN14 cleaves a calpain-specific substrate and is inhibited by 4 classical calpain inhibitors: MDL-28170, acetyl-calpastatin, E-64, and PD151746. CAPN14 is specifically induced (>100-fold) in esophageal epithelium after IL-13 treatment.

Nasal polyps in patients with asthma: prevalence, impact, and management challenges

          

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Authors Langdon C, Mullol J

Received 1 October 2015

Accepted for publication 5 January 2016

Published 14 March 2016 Volume 2016:9 Pages 45—53

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JAA.S86251

Cristobal Langdon,^1,2 Joaquim Mullol<sup>1–3

1</sup>Rhinology Unit and Smell Clinic, Otorhinolaryngology Department, Hospital Clínic, ²Clinical and Experimental Respiratory Immunoallergy (IRCE), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), ³Centre for Biomedical Research in Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain

Abstract: Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) often have coexisting asthma under the concept of “United Airway Disease”, being the combination of both diseases, which is one of the most challenging phenotypes to treat.

Trends and threshold exceedances analysis of airborne pollen concentrations in Metropolitan Santiago Chile

• PLoS One
• v.10(5); 2015
• PMC4422675

PLoS One. 2015; 10(5): e0123077.

doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0123077

Richard Toro A.,1 Alicia Córdova J.,2,3 Mauricio Canales,1 Raul G. E. Morales S.,1 Pedro Mardones P.,2,3,* and Manuel A. Leiva G.1,*

Gerardo Chowell, Academic Editor

Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►

Abstract

Pollen is one of the primary causes of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in urban centers. In the present study, the concentrations of 39 different pollens in the Santiago de Chile metropolitan area over the period 2009–2013 are characterized. The pollen was monitored daily using Burkard volumetric equipment.

Policing of gut microbiota by the adaptive immune system

• Laurent Dollé,
• Hao Q. Tran,
• Lucie Etienne-Mesmin and
• Benoit ChassaingEmail author

BMC Medicine201614:27

DOI: 10.1186/s12916-016-0573-y

©  Dollé et al. 2016

Open Peer Review reports

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota is a large and diverse microbial community that inhabits the intestine, containing about 100 trillion bacteria of 500-1000 distinct species that, collectively, provide benefits to the host. The human gut microbiota composition is determined by a myriad of factors, among them genetic and environmental, including diet and medication.