July 12, 2022

Effectiveness and safety of allergen immunotherapy in patients with allergic rhinitis complicated by rheumatic autoimmune diseases: a case series study

  • Research
  • Open Access


Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 63 (2022)
 

Abstract

Background

Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment that has modified the natural history of allergic diseases. However, since its overall effect on the immune system has not been elucidated, AIT is either absolutely or relatively contraindicated in patients with rheumatic autoimmune diseases (RADs). Therefore, there have been no long-term observations of patients with RADs receiving AIT; thus, the effectiveness and safety of AIT in these patients remain unclear.

July 8, 2022

Pharmacotherapy of Itch—Antihistamines and Histamine Receptors as G Protein-Coupled Receptors

Takemichi Fukasawa,1 Asako Yoshizaki-Ogawa,1 Atsushi Enomoto,2 Kiyoshi Miyagawa,2 Shinichi Sato,1 and Ayumi Yoshizaki1,*

Sara Jane Ward, Academic Editor and Saadet Inan, Academic Editors

Abstract

Itching can decrease quality of life and exacerbate skin symptoms due to scratching. Itching not only contributes to disease progression but also triggers complications such as skin infections and eye symptoms. Therefore, controlling itching is very important in therapeutic management.

July 5, 2022

A novel pathogenetic factor of laryngeal attack in hereditary angioedema? Involvement of protease activated receptor 1

  • Research
  • Open Access

Abstract

Background


Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare, life-threatening disease. The knowledge about the molecular pathogenesis of HAE has derived mainly from investigating blood samples. However, limited data are available on the role of the molecular mechanisms in the affected tissues during HAE attack.

Objective

The aim of our study was to explore the histological changes occurring in HAE attacks.

Methods

Post mortem macro-, microscopic and immunohistological assessment of upper airway tissues of a patient with HAE due to C1 inhibitor deficiency (C1-INH-HAE) type 2 who died from laryngeal HAE attack was compared with a non-HAE patient who died from other condition without any signs of angioedema.

July 4, 2022

Nasal mucosal reactivity assessment via a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge with cow’s milk allergens

  • Case report
  • Open Access

Abstract

Background

Allergies, including food allergies, are a considerable clinical and public-health problem. The introduced preventive measures and differential diagnostics, including oral food challenges, are the gold standard for determining further treatment planning.

Case presentation

We present a case of an 18-year-old girl with a cow’s milk allergy who underwent an oral food challenge (double blind oral food challenge). Such a challenge may be confounded by inducing a response from other systems and organs, which provides theoretical grounds for the use of other methods of assessing the body’s response to food allergens (response demonstrated by the upper respiratory tract).

July 2, 2022

Narrative review on the management of moderate-severe atopic dermatitis in pediatric age of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology (SIAIP), of the Italian Society of Pediatric Dermatology (SIDerP) and of the Italian Society of Pediatrics (SIP)

Galli, E., Fortina, A.B., Ricci, G. et al.

Ital J Pediatr 48, 95 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01278-7




Abstract

Currently, there are a few detailed guidelines on the overall management of children and adolescents with moderate-severe atopic dermatitis. AD ​​is a complex disease presenting with different clinical phenotypes, which require an individualized and multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, appropriate interaction between primary care pediatricians, pediatric allergists, and pediatric dermatologists is crucial to finding the best management strategy.

A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Emergency Management of Anaphylaxis (2020)


Li X, Ma Q, Yin J, Zheng Y, Chen R, Chen Y, Li T, Wang Y, Yang K, Zhang H, Tang Y, Chen Y, Dong H, Gu Q, Guo D, Hu X, Xie L, Li B, Li Y, Lin T, Liu F, Liu Z, Lyu L, Mei Q, Shao J, Xin H, Yang F, Yang H, Yang W, Yao X, Yu C, Zhan S, Zhang G, Wang M, Zhu Z, Zhou B, Gu J, Xian M, Lyu Y, Li Z, Zheng H, Cui C, Deng S, Huang C, Li L, Liu P, Men P, Shao C, Wang S, Ma X, Wang Q, Zhai S. 

Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 28;13:845689. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845689. 

Background: For anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction, the incidence rate was presented to have increased from the beginning of the 21st century. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of anaphylaxis are public health concerns.

Objective: This guideline aimed to provide high-quality and evidence-based recommendations for the emergency management of anaphylaxis.

July 1, 2022

Mepolizumab Reduces Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Flares Irrespective of Blood Eosinophil Count and Interleukin-5

Rothenberg ME, Roufosse F, Faguer S, Gleich GJ, Steinfeld J, Yancey SW, Mavropoulou E, Kwon N; HES Mepolizumab Study Group.
Mepolizumab Reduces Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Flares Irrespective of Blood Eosinophil Count and Interleukin-5. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 May 12:S2213-2198(22)00482-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.037. 

Background

Mepolizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) antibody, reduces disease flares in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Factors predicting treatment response are unknown.

Objective

To assess mepolizumab efficacy by baseline blood eosinophil count (BEC) and serum IL-5 level in patients with HES.

Methods

This post hoc analysis used data from the phase III study assessing mepolizumab in patients with HES (NCT02836496). Patients 12 years old or older, with HES for 6 or more months, 2 or more flares in the previous year, and BEC ≥1,000 cells/μL at screening were randomized (1:1) to 4-weekly subcutaneous mepolizumab (300 mg) or placebo, plus baseline HES therapy, for 32 weeks.

Impact of acute temperature and air pollution exposures on adult lung function: A panel study of asthmatics

OPEN ACCESS - PEER-REVIEWED - RESEARCH ARTICLE

Richard Evoy, Laurel Kincl, Diana Rohlman, Lisa M. Bramer, Holly M. Dixon, Perry Hystad, Harold Bae, Michael Barton, Aaron Phillips, Rachel L. Miller, Katrina M. Waters, Julie B. Herbstman, Kim A. Anderson.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 28;17(6):e0270412. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270412. 

Abstract

Background

Individuals with respiratory conditions, such as asthma, are particularly susceptible to adverse health effects associated with higher levels of ambient air pollution and temperature. This study evaluates whether hourly levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and dry bulb globe temperature (DBGT) are associated with the lung function of adult participants with asthma.

June 30, 2022

Ocular allergy in children and adolescents

Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022 May 20;50(S Pt 1):30-36. doi: 10.15586/aei.v50iSP1.536. 


Herberto Jose Chong-Neto a*, Cristine Rosario b, Andrea Leonardi c, Nelson Augusto Rosario Filho b

a Division of Allergy and Immunology-Federal University of Paraná, Brazil

b Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil

c Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

Abstract

The association between symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is frequent, and AC is considered a comorbidity of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR). Ocular symptoms are often underestimated and undertreated.


Effects of obesity on CC16 and their potential role in overweight/obese asthma

Abstract

Introduction

Club cell secretory protein-16 (CC16) is a major anti-inflammatory protein expressed in the airway; however, the potential role of CC16 on overweight/obese asthma has not been assessed. In this study, we examined whether obesity reduces airway/circulatory CC16 levels using experimental and epidemiological studies. Then, we explored the mediatory role of CC16 in the relationship of overweight/obesity with clinical asthma measures.

June 29, 2022

Development of a natural language processing algorithm to detect chronic cough in electronic health records

  • Research article
  • Open Access


BMC Pulmonary Medicine volume 22, Article number: 256 (2022

Abstract

Background

Chronic cough (CC) is difficult to identify in electronic health records (EHRs) due to the lack of specific diagnostic codes. We developed a natural language processing (NLP) model to identify cough in free-text provider notes in EHRs from multiple health care providers with the objective of using the model in a rules-based CC algorithm to identify individuals with CC from EHRs and to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with CC.

Methods

This was a retrospective observational study of enrollees in Optum’s Integrated Clinical + Claims Database.