Suppressive functions of B cells in infectious diseases

1. Ping Shen and 
2. Simon Fillatreau

1. Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, a Leibniz Institute, Chariteplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
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Abstract

B lymphocytes are often essential to successfully control invading pathogens and play a primary role in the protection afforded by successful vaccines through the production of specific antibodies. However, recent studies have highlighted the complex roles of B cells in infectious diseases, showing unexpectedly that some activated B cells limited host defense towards pathogens.

Impact of obstructive sleep apnea on lung volumes and mechanical properties of the respiratory system in overweight and obese individuals

Research article

Arikin Abdeyrim¹², Yongping Zhang¹², Nanfang Li^12*, Minghua Zhao³, Yinchun Wang⁴, Xiaoguang Yao⁵, Youledusi Keyoumu⁶ and Ting Yin⁴

BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2015, 15:76  doi:10.1186/s12890-015-0063-6

Abstract

Background

Even through narrowing of the upper-airway plays an important role in the generation of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the peripheral airways is implicated in pre-obese and obese OSA patients, as a result of decreased lung volume and increased lung elastic recoil pressure, which, in turn, may aggravate upper-airway collapsibility.

Cough hypersensitivity as a neuro-immune interaction

Review

Woo-Jung Song^12* and Yoon-Seok Chang¹²³

Clinical and Translational Allergy 2015, 5:24  doi:10.1186/s13601-015-0069-4

Abstract

Cough is an intrinsic protective reflex. However, chronic cough affects a considerable proportion of general population and has a major impact on quality of life. A recent paradigm shift to ‘cough hypersensitivity syndrome’ suggests that chronic cough arises from hypersensitivity of the airway sensory nerves.

Addition of Montelukast to Low-Dose Inhaled Corticosteroid Leads to Fewer Exacerbations in Older Patients

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2015 Sep;7(5):440-448. English. Young-Min Ye,1 Sang-Ha Kim,2 Gyu-Young Hur,3 Joo-Hee Kim,4 Jung-Won Park,5 Jae Jeong Shim,3 Ki-Suck Jung,4 Hyun-Young Lee,1 Hae-Sim Park,1 and PRANA Group Abstract Purpose There have been few reports regarding the efficacy of antiasthmatics in older patients. To compare the efficacy of the addition of montelukast to low-dose inhaled budesonide (MON-400BUD) versus increasing the dose of inhaled steroid (800BUD) on asthma control in older asthmatics.

Engineered metal based nanoparticles and innate immunity

Review

Claudia Petrarca¹, Emanuela Clemente², Valentina Amato¹, Paola Pedata³, Enrico Sabbioni¹, Giovanni Bernardini⁴⁵,Ivo Iavicoli⁶, Sara Cortese², Qiao Niu⁷, Takemi Otsuki⁸, Roberto Paganelli¹² and Mario Di Gioacchino^12*

Clinical and Molecular Allergy 2015, 13:13  doi:10.1186/s12948-015-0020-1

Abstract

Almost all people in developed countries are exposed to metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) that are used in a large number of applications including medical (for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes). Once inside the body, absorbed by inhalation, contact, ingestion and injection, MeNPs can translocate to tissues and, as any foreign substance, are likely to encounter the innate immunity system that represent a non-specific first line of defense against potential threats to the host. In this review, we will discuss the possible effects of MeNPs on various components of the innate immunity (both specific cells and barriers).

Food dependant exercise induced anaphylaxis a retrospective study from 2 allergy clinics in Colombo, Sri Lanka

Case report

Nilhan Rajiva de Silva^1*, Wasala Mudiyanselage Dhanushka Kumari Dasanayake¹, Chandima Karunatilleke¹ andGathsauri Neelika Malavige²

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology 2015, 11:22  doi:10.1186/s13223-015-0089-6

Abstract

The aetiology of anaphylaxis ranges from food, insect venom, drugs and various chemicals. Some individuals do not develop anaphylaxis with the offending agent unless ingestion is related temporally to physical exertion, namely food dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA).

Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study to investigate different dosing regimens of olodaterol delivered via Respimat® in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma

Research

Kai-Michael Beeh^1*, Craig LaForce², Martina Gahlemann³, Arne Wenz⁴, Robert Toorawa⁵ and Matjaž Fležar⁶

Respiratory Research 2015, 16:87  doi:10.1186/s12931-015-0243-1

Abstract

Background

A Phase II, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial comparing the 24-h forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV ₁ ) time profile after 3 weeks’ treatment with once-daily (QD) or twice-daily (BID) olodaterol (at the same total daily dose) versus placebo delivered via Respimat® in patients with moderate to severe asthma.

In Vitro Evaluation of Allergen Potencies of Commercial House Dust Mite Sublingual Immunotherapy Reagents

Original Article  Open Access

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2015 Mar;7(2):124-129. English. Kyung Hee Park,1 Mina Son,1 Soo-Young Choi,1 Hey Jung Park,1 Jae-Hyun Lee,1 Kyoung Yong Jeong,1 Joo-Shil Lee,2 and Jung-Won Park1 Abstract Purpose The clinical efficacy of allergen-immunotherapy is known to be dose dependent. However, optimal maintenance dosage has not yet been determined for sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). Furthermore, since companies adopt their own units for expression of allergenicity, the allergen concentrations of individual reagents cannot be compared easily. We sought to measure and compare the allergenicities of 3 commercially available house dust mite (HDM) SLIT regents and a subcutaneous immunotherapy reagent.