The respiratory microbiota alpha-diversity in chronic lung diseases: first systematic review and meta-analysis

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Marta Avalos-Fernandez, 
• Thibaud Alin, 
• Clémence Métayer, 
• Rodolphe Thiébaut, 
• Raphaël Enaud & 
• Laurence Delhaes 

Respiratory Research volume 23, Article number: 214 (2022) 

Abstract

Background

PRISMA flow diagram summarizing our search results and study selection for the
systematic review and meta-analysis

While there seems to be a consensus that a decrease in gut microbiome diversity is related to a decline in health status, the associations between respiratory microbiome diversity and chronic lung disease remain a matter of debate. We provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining lung microbiota alpha-diversity in patients with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) or bronchiectasis (NCFB), in which a control group based on disease status or healthy subjects is provided for comparison.

Results

We reviewed 351 articles on title and abstract, of which 27 met our inclusion criteria for systematic review.

Pharmacological Management of Allergic Rhinitis: A Consensus Statement from the Malaysian Society of Allergy and Immunology.

Abdullah B, Abdul Latiff AH, Manuel AM, Mohamed Jamli F, Dalip Singh HS, Ismail IH, Jahendran J, Saniasiaya J, Keen Woo KC, Khoo PC, Singh K, Mohammad N, Mohamad S, Husain S, Mösges R. Pharmacological Management of Allergic Rhinitis: A Consensus Statement from the Malaysian Society of Allergy and Immunology. J Asthma Allergy. 2022 Aug 2;15:983-1003. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S374346.

Abstract

The goal of allergic rhinitis (AR) management is to achieve satisfactory symptom control to ensure good quality of life. Most patients with AR are currently treated with pharmacotherapy. However, knowledge gaps on the use of pharmacotherapy still exist among physicians, particularly in the primary care setting, despite the availability of guideline recommendations. Furthermore, it is common for physicians in the secondary care setting to express uncertainty regarding the use of new combination therapies like intranasal corticosteroid plus antihistamine combinations. Inadequate treatment leads to significant reduction of quality of life that affects daily activities at home, work, and school. With these concerns in mind, a practical consensus statement was developed to complement existing guidelines on the rational use of pharmacotherapy in both the primary and secondary care settings.

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A new way forward? Examining the potential of quantitative analysis of IgE datasets

Felix King, 

Robert Kaczmarczyk, 

Alexander Zink, 

Tilo Biedermann & 

Knut Brockow 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 75 (2022) 

• 
  details

Abstract

Background

Allergies constitute an important public health problem, and epidemiological data is crucial to developing strategies for its prevention and therapy. Few population-based studies are available for data on allergies and sensitization. However, as these studies are expensive and time-consuming, novel approaches are searched for.

Objectives

A large monocentric IgE dataset was used to analyse quantitative sensitization data in different age and gender groups and compared the results to available epidemiological data.

Methods

A total of 14,370 patients who sought medical care at the Department for Dermatology and Allergology at the Technical University of Munich, Germany was analysed.

HSP70 upregulation in nasal mucosa of symptomatic children with allergic rhinitis and potential risk of asthma development

• Article
• Open Access
• 
  

• Anna Fagotti, 
• Livia Lucentini, 
• Francesca Simoncelli, 
• Gianandrea La Porta, 
• Leonardo Brustenga, 
• Ilaria Bizzarri, 
• Silvia Trio, 
• Chiara Isidori, 
• Ines Di Rosa
• & 
• Giuseppe Di Cara 

Scientific Reports volume 12, Article number: 14104 (2022)

• details

Abstract

Allergic rhinitis and asthma are the most common causes of chronic inflammation of the upper and lower airways in childhood. However, a nasal biomarker that can link to pulmonary inflammation is yet to be found.

Boxplot of median ∆Ct values for HSPA1A/B and HSPA6 transcripts
and ppb values for FeNO in the symptomatic AR patients (orange)
and control group (green). Higher ∆Ct values stand for lower mRNA
expression.

The present paper aims to investigate the possible role in inflammation of two inducible 70-kDa Heat Shock Proteins (HSP70) members, HSPA1A/B and HSPA6, in nasal mucosa cells of allergic children through their mRNA expression analysis, and their correlation to both spirometric and FeNO values. The relationship between FeNO in lower airways and ∆Cts of HSPA1A/B in nasal mucosa seems to be influenced by clinical symptoms regardless of age, sex, and sensitization patterns.

Allergic multimorbidity is associated with self-reported anaphylaxis in adults—A cross-sectional questionnaire study

Thomander, T, Toppila-Salmi, S, Salimäki, J, et al. Allergic multimorbidity is associated with self-reported anaphylaxis in adults—A cross-sectional questionnaire study. Clin Transl Allergy. 2022;e12184. https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12184

Abstract

Background

Anaphylaxis has increased over the last two decades in Europe, reaching an estimated prevalence of 0.3% and an incidence of 1.5–7.9 per 100,000 person-years. Allergic multimorbidity is associated with asthma severity, yet its role in anaphylaxis is not fully understood. Our aim was to study association between allergic multimorbidity and anaphylaxis in adults.

Methods

We used population-based data from the Finnish Allergy Barometer Study (n = 2070, age range: 5–75). Food allergy (FA), atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC), were defined from a self-completed questionnaire. A logistic regression adjusted on potential confounders (sex, age, smoking status) was applied to estimate the anaphylaxis risk associated with allergic multimorbidity.

Results

Adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95%CI of
self-reported anaphylaxis ever are presented for the following
allergic diseases(allergic rhinitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC),
atopic dermatitis (AD), food allergy (FA), and asthma (AS))
and for the number of allergic diseases. 

1319 adults with at least one allergic disease (FA, AD, AR, AC) with/without asthma (AS) were included. Of these, 164 had self-reported anaphylaxis [mean (SD, min-max) 54 (14, 22–75) years, 17% men]. AS, FA, AR, AC, or AD were reported by 86.0%, 62.2%, 82.3%, 43.3%, and 53.7% of subjects with anaphylaxis and respectively by 67.8%, 29.5%, 86.2%, 29.4%, and 34.4% of subjects without anaphylaxis. Compared with subjects exhibiting only one allergic disease, the risk of anaphylaxis increased with the number of allergic diseases; adjusted odds ratios (OR) [CI95%] for two, three, four and five coinciding allergic diseases were 1.80 [0.79–4.12], 3.35 [1.47–7.66], 7.50 [3.25–17.32], and 13.5 [5.12–33.09], respectively. The highest risk of anaphylaxis (6.47 [4.33–9.92]) was associated with FA + AS or their various variations with AR/AC/AD embodied, when compared with AR, AC, and AS separately or their combinations.

Conclusions

Anaphylaxis was positively associated with the number of allergic diseases a subject exhibited and with subgroups including FA and/or AS. The results can be applied when estimating the risk of anaphylaxis for individual patients.

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Poultry Meat allergy: a Review of Allergens and Clinical Phenotypes

Wanniang, N., Codreanu-Morel, F., Kuehn, A. et al. Poultry Meat allergy: a Review of Allergens and Clinical Phenotypes. Curr Treat Options Allergy 9, 187–203 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40521-022-00309-2

Abstract

Purpose of review

In the recent years, more cases of poultry meat allergy, both IgE- or non-IgE-mediated, are being reported. Patients have varied clinical reactivity at various levels of sensitivity to different meat preparations. The lack of validated biomarkers renders accurate diagnosis challenging. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the current status of poultry meat allergy along with a description on the allergens implicated.

Patient-centered dupilumab dosing regimen leads to successful dose reduction in persistently controlled atopic dermatitis

ORIGINAL ARTICLE - Open Access

Lotte S. Spekhorst, Daphne Bakker, Julia Drylewicz, Theo Rispens, Floris Loeff, Celeste M. Boesjes, Judith Thijs, Geertruida L. E. Romeijn, Laura Loman, Marie-Louise Schuttelaar, Femke van Wijk, Marlies de Graaf, Marjolein S. de Bruin-Weller.

Abstract

Background

At present, no real-world studies are available on different dupilumab dosing regimens in controlled atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate a patient-centered dupilumab dosing regimen in patients with controlled AD and to relate this to serum drug levels and serum biomarkers.

Methods

Ninety adult AD patients from the prospective BioDay registry were included based on their dupilumab administration interval according to a predefined patient-centered dosing regimen.

Automatic market research of mobile health apps for the self-management of allergic rhinitis

Antó A, Sousa-Pinto B, Czarlewski W, et al.  

Clin Exp Allergy. 2022 Mar 21. doi: 10.1111/cea.14135.

Abstract

Background

Only a small number of apps addressing allergic rhinitis (AR) patients have been evaluated. This makes their selection difficult. We aimed to introduce a new approach to market research for AR apps, based on the automatic screening of Apple App and Google Play stores.

Methods

A JavaScript programme was devised for automatic app screening, and applied in a market assessment of AR self-management apps. We searched the Google Play and Apple App stores of three countries (USA, UK and Australia) with the following search terms: "hay fever", "hayfever", "asthma", "rhinitis", "allergic rhinitis".