Monitoring of molecular profiling of allergen-antibody responses in HDM-immunotherapy patients

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Nov 29; 2148815. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2148815. Online ahead of print.

Marita Nittner-Marszalska 1, Agnieszka Kopeć 1, Aleksandra Foks-Ciekalska 2, Aleksandra Lata 1, Agnieszka Bogacz-Piaseczyńska 2, Marta Rosiek-Biegus 1, Magdalena Zajac 2, Andrzej Bożek 2

Abstract

Among the potential hazards of HDM immunotherapy (AIT) with HDM allergenic extracts is the possible initiation of de novosensitizations caused by a lack of complementarity between a given HDM vaccine's content and a patient's molecular sensitization profile. To investigate whether immunotherapy with HDM extracts affects changes in the profile of sensitizations to allergens contained in the extract and whether neosensitizations occur. Serum samples from patients with HDM allergies (N=63) who received 1 year of treatment with subcutaneous AIT were tested for allergen-specific IgE (sIgE) reactivity to 7 microarrayed HDM allergen molecules (Der p 1, 2,10,11,23; D far 1 and 2) with ImmunoCAP. The HDM non-AIT patients (N=22) who did not receive immunotherapy constituted the study's control group. 

Are peanut oral food challenges still useful? An evaluation of children with suspected peanut allergy, sensitization to Ara h 2 and controlled asthma

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Iida Ojaniemi, 
• Susanna Salmivesi, 
• Antti Tikkakoski, 
• Jussi Karjalainen, 
• Lauri Lehtimäki & 
• Rüdiger Schultz 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 100 (2022) 

• details

Abstract

Background

Sensitization to Ara h 2 has been proposed as a promising biological marker for the severity of peanut allergy and may reduce the need for oral food challenges. This study aimed to evaluate whether peanut oral food challenge is still a useful diagnostic tool for children with suspected peanut allergy and an elevated level of Ara h 2-specific IgE. Additionally, we assessed whether well-controlled asthma is an additional risk for severe reactions.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 107 children with sensitization to Ara h 2-specific IgE (> 0.35 kU/l) undergoing open peanut challenges during 2012–2018 in the Tampere University Hospital Allergy Centre, Finland.

New Mechanistic Advances in FcεRI-Mast Cell–Mediated Allergic Signaling

Yang Li, 

Patrick S. C. Leung, 

M. Eric Gershwin & 

Junmin Song 

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology volume 63, pages431–446 (2022)

• details

Abstract

Mast cells originate from the CD34+/CD117+ hematopoietic progenitors in the bone marrow, migrate into circulation, and ultimately mature and reside in peripheral tissues. Microbiota/metabolites and certain immune cells (e.g., Treg cells) play a key role in maintaining immune tolerance. Cross-linking of allergen-specific IgE on mast cells activates the high-affinity membrane-bound receptor FcεRI, thereby initiating an intracellular signal cascade, leading to degranulation and release of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Management Strategy of Intracranial Complications of Sinusitis: Our Experience and Review of the Literature

Hallak B, Bouayed S, Ghika JA, Teiga PS, Alvarez V. Allergy Rhinol (Providence). 2022 Sep 25;13:21526575221125031. doi: 10.1177/21526575221125031.

Abstract

Objective

Sinusitis or rhinosinusitis is a very common disease worldwide, and in some cases, it leads to intracranial complications (ICS). These are more common in immunocompromised patients or with underlying comorbidities, but even healthy individuals, can be affected. Nowadays, ICS have become less common thanks to improved antibiotic therapies, radiological diagnostic methods, surgical techniques and skills. Nonetheless, they can still cause significant morbidity and mortality. For this reason, management of these complications requires a multidisciplinary approach to plan and customize treatment options. This paper presents our strategy in the management of a series of intracranial complications induced by acute sinusitis and compares our experience and outcomes with the literature.

Recent Update in Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2022 Nov;14(6):587-603. English.  https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2022.14.6.587

Mehr Mathew,1 Stephanie Leeds,1 and Anna Nowak-Węgrzyn2,3

Abstract

Food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES), though first reported in the 1970s, remains poorly understood and likely underdiagnosed. It is a non-immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy syndrome, most commonly identified in infancy and childhood. It can manifest as a constellation of symptoms following food ingestion, including repetitive and projectile emesis (1–4 hours), accompanied by pallor, lethargy, muscular hypotonia, and diarrhea (5–10 hours).

Distinct Endotypes of Pediatric Rhinitis Based on Cluster Analysis

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2022 Nov;14(6):730-741. English.  https://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2022.14.6.730

Jin Youp Kim,1,2 Sangjun Lee,3,4 Dong In Suh,5 Dae Woo Kim,6 Hyung-Jin Yoon,2,7,8 Sue K Park,3 Chae-Seo Rhee,9,10,11,12 and Doo Hee Han9

Abstract

Purpose Despite the wide spectrum of pediatric rhinitis, endotyping of rhinitis based on type 2 inflammation and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) is lacking. This study aimed to investigate endotypes of pediatric rhinitis using cluster analysis. Methods Cluster analysis was performed on data from 241 children with rhinitis by using 12 variables reflecting clinical characteristics of skin prick, laboratory, and pulmonary function tests. After extracting clusters, between-cluster differences in clinical features, such as nasal symptom scores and asthma comorbidity, were assessed to investigate the association between the endotypes and clinical features.

Cutaneous Manifestations of SARS CoV 2 infection during the Delta and Omicron waves in 348,691 UK users of the UK ZOE COVID Study App

Br J Dermatol. 2022 Jul 22 : 10.1111/bjd.21784.

doi: 10.1111/bjd.21784 [Epub ahead of print]

Alessia Visconti, 1 , # Benjamin Murray, 2 , # Niccolò Rossi, 1 Jonathan Wolf, 3 Sebastien Ourselin, 2 Tim D. Spector, 1 Esther E. Freeman, 4 Veronique Bataille, 1 , 5 , + and Mario Falchi 1 , +

Abstract

Background

Symptoms of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection have differed during the different waves of the pandemic, but little is known about how cutaneous manifestations have changed.

Objectives

Investigate the diagnostic value, frequency, and duration of cutaneous manifestations of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and explore their variations between the Delta and Omicron waves of the pandemic.

Single-cell immunoprofiling after immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis reveals functional suppression of pathogenic T(H)2 cells and clonal conversion

Iinuma T, Kiuchi M, Hirahara K, Kurita J, Kokubo K, Yagyu H, Yoneda R, Arai T, Sonobe Y, Fukuyo M, Kaneda A, Yonekura S, Nakayama T, Okamoto Y, Hanazawa T. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022 Oct;150(4):850-860.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.06.024.

Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis is a growing problem worldwide. Currently the only treatment that can modify the disease is antigen-specific immunotherapy, but its mechanism of action is not fully understood.

Objective: We comprehensively investigated the role and changes of antigen-specific T cells before and after sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) for Japanese cedar pollinosis.

Methods: We cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained both before and 1 year after initiating SLIT and used a combination of single-cell RNA sequencing and repertoire sequencing. To investigate biomarkers, we used cells from patients participating a phase 2/3 trial of SLIT tablets for Japanese cedar pollinosis and cells from outpatients with good and poor response.