Toll-like receptor 7 governs interferon and inflammatory responses torhinovirus and is suppressed by IL-5-induced lung eosinophilia

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Abstract

Background Asthma exacerbations represent a significant disease burden and are commonly caused by rhinovirus (RV), which is sensed by Toll-like receptors (TLR) such as TLR7. Some asthmatics have impaired interferon (IFN) responses to RV, but the underlying mechanisms of this clinically relevant observation are poorly understood.

Objectives To investigate the importance of intact TLR7 signalling in vivo during RV exacerbation using mouse models of house dust mite (HDM)-induced allergic airways disease exacerbated by a superimposed RV infection.

Clinical characteristics of the asthma–COPD overlap syndrome – A systematic review

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Authors Nielsen M, Bårnes CB, Ulrik CS

Published Date July 2015 Volume 2015:10(1) Pages 1443—1454

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S85363

Received 24 March 2015, Accepted 12 May 2015, Published 27 July 2015

Approved for publication by Dr Richard Russell

Mia Nielsen,¹ Camilla Boslev Bårnes,¹ Charlotte Suppli Ulrik<sup>1,2

1</sup>Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, ²University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Background and objective: In recent years, the so-called asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome (ACOS) has received much attention, not least because elderly individuals may present characteristics suggesting a diagnosis of both asthma and COPD. At present, ACOS is described clinically as persistent airflow limitation combined with features of both asthma and COPD. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to review the currently available literature focusing on symptoms and clinical characteristics of patients regarded as having ACOS.

Use of Online Self-Management Diaries in Asthma and COPD: A Qualitative Study of Subjects' and Professionals' Perceptions and Behaviors

Respir Care. 2015 Aug;60(8):1146-56. doi: 10.4187/respcare.03795. Epub 2015 Apr 28.

van Kruijssen V1, van Staa A2, Dwarswaard J3, In 't Veen JC4, Mennema B5, Adams SA6.

1. Tilburg Institute for Law, Technology, and Society, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Online self-management diaries are used to support patients' self-management skills and facilitate associated behavioral changes. Although web-based diaries are well-known as a potential self-management tool, reasons that patients use (or do not use) self-management diaries, as well as perceptions and behaviors related to diary use, remain largely unknown.

Profile of lebrikizumab and its potential in the treatment of asthma

Authors Maselli DJ, Keyt H, Rogers L

Published Date August 2015 Volume 2015:8 Pages 87—92

DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JAA.S69932

Received 11 March 2015, Accepted 22 April 2015, Published 10 August 2015

Approved for publication by Dr Amrita Dosanjh

Diego Jose Maselli,¹ Holly Keyt,¹ Linda Rogers,^2
1Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, ²Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Division, Mount Sinai-National Jewish Health Respiratory Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

Abstract: Interleukin (IL)-13 has been associated with multiple inflammatory features of asthma. It affects multiple cellular lines in asthma and is a key mediator in airway hyperreactivity and remodeling. Periostin, an extracellular protein, has been used as a surrogate marker of IL-13 activity and has been linked to airway remodeling by inducing subepithelial fibrosis.

Applications of Molecular Diagnostic Testing in Food Allergy

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Current Allergy and Asthma Reports

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2015; 15(9): 56.

Published online 2015 Aug 2. doi:  10.1007/s11882-015-0557-6

PMCID: PMC4522270

Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Sabine Pfeifer, and Merima Bublin

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Abstract

IgE-mediated food allergy is a relevant health problem inducing symptoms ranging from mild local reactions up to severe life-threatening situations. Currently, no immunotherapy is available and avoidance of the incriminating food is the method of choice.

Escaping the trap of allergic rhinitis

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Oliviero Rossi^1*, Ilaria Massaro^2†, Marco Caminati^3†, Cristina Quecchia^4†, Filippo Fassio^5†, Enrico Heffler^6† andGiorgio Walter Canonica^7†

Clinical and Molecular Allergy 2015, 13:17  doi:10.1186/s12948-015-0023-y

Abstract

Rhinitis is often the first symptom of allergy but is frequently ignored and classified as a nuisance condition. Ironically it has the greatest socioeconomic burden worldwide caused by its impact on work and on daily life.

However, patients appear reticent to seek professional advice, visiting their doctor only when symptoms become ‘intolerable’ and often when their usual therapy proves ineffective.

Clearly, it’s time for new and more effective allergic rhinitis treatments.

MP29-02 (Dymista®; Meda, Solna, Sweden) is a new class of medication for moderate to severe seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis if monotherapy with either intranasal antihistamine or intranasal corticosteroids is not considered sufficient.

Update and clinical utility of alcaftadine ophthalmic solution 0.25% in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis

Clin Ophthalmol. 2015; 9: 1215–1225.

Published online 2015 Jul 8. doi:  10.2147/OPTH.S63790

PMCID: PMC4501164

DeGaulle I Chigbu and Alissa M Coyne

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Abstract

Allergic disorders of the ocular surface are primarily characterized as IgE- and/or T-lymphocyte-mediated disorders that affect the cornea, conjunctiva, and eyelid. Approximately 40% of individuals in the developed countries have allergic conjunctivitis, and as such, it is the most common form of ocular allergy.

Allergy in Children in Hand Versus Machine Dishwashing

Bill Hesselmar, MD, PhD^a,^b,^c, 

Anna Hicke-Roberts, MD^d, and

Göran Wennergren, MD, PhD^a,^c

+Author Affiliations

1. ^aPaediatric Allergology, Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden;
2. ^bVästra Götaland Healthcare Department, Follow-up and Analysis Unit, Gothenburg, Sweden;
3. ^cDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; and
4. ^dVästra Frölunda Paediatric Outpatient Clinic, Västra Frölunda, Sweden

 

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ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The hygiene hypothesis stipulates that microbial exposure during early life induces immunologic tolerance via immune stimulation, and hence reduces the risk of allergy development. Several common lifestyle factors and household practices, such as dishwashing methods, may increase microbial exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate if such lifestyle factors are associated with allergy prevalence.