Climate Change and Future Pollen Allergy in Europe

Environ Health Perspect; DOI:10.1289/EHP173

Iain R. Lake,1 Natalia R. Jones,1 Maureen Agnew,1 Clare M. Goodess,1 Filippo Giorgi,2 Lynda Hamaoui-Laguel,3,4 Mikhail A. Semenov,5 Fabien Solomon,2 Jonathan Storkey,5 Robert Vautard,3,4 and Michelle M. Epstein6

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• Background: Globally pollen allergy is a major public health problem, but a fundamental unknown is the likely impact of climate change. To our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify the consequences of climate change upon pollen allergy in humans.
  Objectives: To produce quantitative estimates of the potential impact of climate change upon pollen allergy in humans, focusing upon common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Europe.

Enhancement of Oral Tolerance Induction in DO11.10 Mice by Lactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 via Increase of Effector Regulatory T Cells

PLoS One. 2016; 11(7): e0158643.

Published online 2016 Jul 29. doi:  10.1371/journal.pone.0158643

Ayako Aoki-Yoshida,1,2 Kiyoshi Yamada,1 Satoshi Hachimura,3 Toshihiro Sashihara,4 Shuji Ikegami,4 Makoto Shimizu,1 and Mamoru Totsuka1,*

Hossam M Ashour, Editor

Author information ► Article notes ► Copyright and License information ►

Abstract

Food allergy is a serious problem for infants and young children. Induction of antigen-specific oral tolerance is one therapeutic strategy. Enhancement of oral tolerance induction by diet is a promising strategy to prevent food allergy in infants. Thus, in this study, we evaluate the effect of probioticLactobacillus gasseri OLL2809 (LG2809) on oral tolerance induction in a mouse model.

Characterizing the inflammatory response in esophageal mucosal biopsies in children with eosinophilic esophagitis

Clinical & Translational Immunology (2016) 5, e88; doi:10.1038/cti.2016.30

OPEN

Wael N Sayej¹, Antoine Ménoret², Anu S Maharjan^2,3, Marina Fernandez¹, Zhu Wang⁴, Fabiola Balarezo⁵, Jeffrey S Hyams¹, Francisco A Sylvester^1,2,3,6 and Anthony T Vella^2,6

1. ¹Department of Pediatrics, Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology & Nutrition, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
2. ²Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
3. ³Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
4. ⁴Department of Research, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA
5. ⁵Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, CT, USA

Correspondence: Dr WN Sayej, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Digestive Diseases, Hepatology and Nutrition, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, 282 Washington Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA. E-mail:wsayej@connecticutchildrens.org

⁶Co-senior authors.

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Abstract

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emerging allergic, IgE- and non-IgE (Th2 cell)-mediated disease. There are major gaps in the understanding of the basic mechanisms that drive the persistence of EoE. We investigated whether esophageal biopsies from children with EoE demonstrate an inflammatory response that is distinct from normal controls. We prospectively enrolled 84 patients, of whom 77 were included in our analysis, aged 4–17 years (12.8±3.8 years; 81% males). Five esophageal biopsies were collected from each patient at the time of endoscopy.

The epidemiologic characteristics of healthcare provider-diagnosed eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and food allergy in children: a retrospective cohort study

• David A. Hill†Email author,
• Robert W. Grundmeier†,
• Gita Ram and
• Jonathan M. Spergel

†Contributed equally

BMC PediatricsBMC series – open, inclusive and trusted201616:133

DOI: 10.1186/s12887-016-0673-z

©  The Author(s). 2016

Open Peer Review reports

Abstract

Background

The rates of childhood allergic conditions are changing, prompting the need for continued surveillance. Examination of healthcare provider-based diagnosis data is an important and lacking methodology needed to complement existing studies that rely on participant reporting.

Methods

Utilizing our care network of 1,050,061 urban and sub-urban children, we defined two retrospective cohorts: (1) a closed birth cohort of 29,662 children and (2) a cross-sectional cohort of 333,200 children. These cohorts were utilized to determine the epidemiologic characteristics of the conditions studied. Logistic regression was utilized to determine the extent to which food allergy was associated with respiratory allergy.

Immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis and lower airway outcomes

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• M. Labrador-Horrillo
• Abstract
  Allergic rhinitis and asthma constitute two clinical expressions of a single-condition, respiratory allergy. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) is a form of treatment specifically aimed at modifying the response to sensitizing allergens. The inherent potential benefit of AIT is the simultaneous treatment of all clinical expressions of respiratory allergy. Current data support the effectiveness of subcutaneous and sublingual immunotherapy in rhinitis. Studies also provide proof for a beneficial effect in allergic asthma.

Recent advances in component resolved diagnosis in food allergy

Article in Press

Magnus P. Borres, , 

Nobuyuki Maruyama

, 

Sakura Sato

, 

Motohiro Ebisawa

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Open Access

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alit.2016.07.002            

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Abstract

Due to the high prevalence of food allergic diseases globally there are increasing demands in clinical practice for managing IgE-mediated conditions. During the last decade, component resolved diagnostics has been introduced into the field of clinical allergology, providing information that cannot be obtained from extract-based tests. Component resolved data facilitate more precise diagnosis of allergic diseases and identify sensitizations attributable to cross-reactivity. Furthermore it assists risk assessment in clinical practice as sensitization to some allergenic molecules is related to persistence of clinical symptoms and systemic rather than local reactions. The information may also aid the clinician in prescription of oral immunotherapy (OIT) in patients with severe symptoms, and in giving advice on food allergen avoidance or on the need to perform food challenges. The use of allergen components is rapidly evolving and increases our possibility to treat food allergic patients with a more individual approach. Using molecular allergology, we can already now better diagnose, prognose and grade the food allergy. In summary, daily routine molecular allergy diagnostics offers a number of benefits that give us a higher diagnostic precision and allow for better management of the patient.

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Is Oral Provocation Test Safe for Preschool Children?

Asian Pacific Journal of Allergy and Immunology 2016 August 16

AHEAD OF PRINT

Sait Karaman, Semiha Erdem Bahçeci, Hikmet Tekin Nacaroğlu, Canan Şule Karaman, Demet Can

Abstract

Background: Oral food challenges (OFCs) are performed for diagnosis of a food allergy where the food allergy is not supported by the history or because a newly developed tolerance needs to be established.

Objective: Our aims were to investigate the prevalence and severity of reactions during OFC in preschool children.

Evaluation of the left and right ventricular systolic and diastolic function in asthmatic children

BMC Cardiovascular DisordersBMC series – open, inclusive and trusted201616:145

DOI: 10.1186/s12872-016-0328-x

RESEARCH ARTICLE

 

OPEN ACCESS

 

OPEN PEER REVIEW

Esra Akyüz Özkan 

and

Hashem E. Khosroshahi

Open Peer Review reports

Abstract

Background

Asthma is the most common cause of respiratory disorders among children. We aimed to investigate left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular function in asthmatic children as detected by conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography.

Methods

Fifty pediatric patients with asthma and forty healthy children were studied. Pulmonary function tests, electrocardiography and echocardiographic examinations were performed on all children.