Recommending Oral Probiotics to Reduce Winter Antibiotic Prescriptions in People With Asthma: A Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial

Ann Fam Med September/October 2016 vol. 14no. 5 422-430
1. 1. Timothy D. H. Smith, MBBCh, MRCGP, MSc1, 
   2. Hilary Watt, CStat, MSc, MA2,
   3. Laura Gunn, PhD, MS, BA3, 
   4. Josip Car, MD, PhD, DIC, MSc2 and 
   5. Robert J. Boyle, MBChB, MRCPCH, PhD4⇑

+Author Affiliations

1. 1Harambee Surgery, NHS East Lancashire CCG, Lancashire, United Kingdom
2. 2Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
3. 3Integrative Health Science, Stetson University, DeLand, Florida
4. 4Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom

1. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Robert J. Boyle, MBChB, Wright Fleming Building, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, r.boyle@nhs.net

Abstract

PURPOSE Evidence from studies mainly in children has shown that orally administered probiotics may prevent respiratory tract infections and associated antibiotic use. We evaluated whether advice to take daily probiotics can reduce antibiotic prescribing for winter respiratory tract infections in people with asthma.

Mast cell desensitization inhibits calcium flux and aberrantly remodels actin

J Clin Invest. 2016. doi:10.1172/JCI87492.

W.X. Gladys Ang,1 Alison M. Church,2 Mike Kulis,3 Hae Woong Choi,4 A. Wesley Burks,3and Soman N. Abraham1,4,5,6

First published September 26, 2016 - More info

Research Article Immunology

Abstract

Rush desensitization (DS) is a widely used and effective clinical strategy for the rapid inhibition of IgE-mediated anaphylactic responses. However, the cellular targets and underlying mechanisms behind this process remain unclear. Recent studies have implicated mast cells (MCs) as the primary target cells for DS. Here, we developed a murine model of passive anaphylaxis with demonstrated MC involvement and an in vitro assay to evaluate the effect of DS on MCs.

Bacteriome and Mycobiome Interactions Underscore Microbial Dysbiosis in Familial Crohn’s Disease

1. G. Hoarau^a, 
2. P. K. Mukherjee^b, 
3. C. Gower-Rousseau^c, 
4. C. Hager^b, 
5. J. Chandra^b,
6. M. A. Retuerto^b, 
7. C. Neut^a, 
8. S. Vermeire^d, 
9. J. Clemente^e,^f, 
10. J. F. Colombel^c,^g, 
11. H. Fujioka^h,
12. D. Poulain^a, 
13. B. Sendid^a, 
14. M. A. Ghannoum^b

+Author Affiliations

1. aInserm U995-Team 2, Université Lille 2, Faculté de Médecine H. Warembourg, Pôle Recherche, CHRU de Lille, Lille, France
2. bCenter for Medical Mycology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
3. cEpimad Registry, Epidemiology Unit and LIRIC Inserm 995, Lille University and Hospital, Lille, France
4. dDepartment of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
5. eDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
6. fImmunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
7. gDepartment of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
8. hEM Core Facility, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

1. Address correspondence to B. Sendid, bsendid@univ-lille2.fr, or M. A. Ghannoum,Mahmoud.Ghannoum@case.edu.

1. G.H. and P.K.M. contributed equally to the study.
2. Editor Robert A. Bonomo, Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center

 

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ABSTRACT

Crohn’s disease (CD) results from a complex interplay between host genetic factors and endogenous microbial communities. In the current study, we used Ion Torrent sequencing to characterize the gut bacterial microbiota (bacteriome) and fungal community (mycobiome) in patients with CD and their nondiseased first-degree relatives (NCDR) in 9 familial clusters living in northern France-Belgium and in healthy individuals from 4 families living in the same area (non-CD unrelated [NCDU]).

Clinical Relevance of IgE to Profilin and/or Polcalcin in Pollen-Sensitized Patients

Editor's Choice -- Free Access

Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2016;169:101-107 

(DOI:10.1159/000444279)

San Nicoló M. · Braun T. · Eder K. · Berghaus A. · Gröger M. 

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany

Abstract

Background: Component-resolved diagnostics is gaining importance in allergy diagnostics. Allergen extracts contain components with different rates of prevalence and clinical relevance, which can be subdivided at molecular level into major and minor allergens.

Setting Occupational Exposure Limits for Chemical Allergens—Understanding the Challenges

• Journal List
• Taylor & Francis Open Select
• PMC4685595

Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene

Taylor & Francis

J Occup Environ Hyg. 2015 Nov 25; 12(sup1): S82–S98.

Published online 2015 Nov 19. doi:  10.1080/15459624.2015.1072277

PMCID: PMC4685595

NIHMSID: NIHMS746362

G. S. Dotson, a , * A. Maier, a , b P. D. Siegel, c S. E. Anderson, c B. J. Green, c A. B. Stefaniak, d C. D. Codispoti, e and I. Kimber f

Author information ► Copyright and License information ►

Abstract

Chemical allergens represent a significant health burden in the workplace. Exposures to such chemicals can cause the onset of a diverse group of adverse health effects triggered by immune-mediated responses. Common responses associated with workplace exposures to low molecular weight (LMW) chemical allergens range from allergic contact dermatitis to life-threatening cases of asthma.

Current Safety Concerns with Human Papillomavirus Vaccine: A Cluster Analysis of Reports in VigiBase®

Chandler, R.E., Juhlin, K., Fransson, J. et al. Drug Saf (2016). doi:10.1007/s40264-016-0456-3

Open Access

Abstract

Introduction

A number of safety signals—complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS), and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)—have emerged with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines, which share a similar pattern of symptomatology. Previous signal evaluations and epidemiological studies have largely relied on traditional methodologies and signals have been considered individually.

Active treatment for food allergy

Aaron K. KobernickPress enter key for correspondence informationPress enter key to Email the author

, 

A. Wesley Burks

Open Access

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alit.2016.08.002

Article Info

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Abstract

Food allergy has grown in rapidly in prevalence, currently affecting 5% of adults and 8% of children. Management strategy is currently limited to 1) food avoidance and 2) carrying and using rescue intramuscular epinephrine/adrenaline and oral antihistamines in the case of accidental ingestion; there is no FDA approved treatment. Recently, oral, sublingual and epicutaneous immunotherapy have been developed as active treatment of food allergy, though none have completed phase 3 study.

Dr. Alan Goldsobel reviews the diagnosis and management of patients who have chronic cough

Dr. Alan Goldsobel reviews the diagnosis and management of patients who have chronic cough

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