Clinical and Developmental Immunology
Volume 2013 (2013), Article ID 919742, 11 pages
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/919742
Research Article
1Department of Pharmacobiology, CINVESTAV, IPN, P.O. Box 22106, 14330 Mexico, DF, Mexico
2Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, 06800 Mexico, DF, Mexico
3Unit of R&D in Bioprocesses (UDIBI), Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico, DF, Mexico
4Immunology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, P.O. Box 70159, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico
2Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology “Conde de Valenciana Foundation”, 06800 Mexico, DF, Mexico
3Unit of R&D in Bioprocesses (UDIBI), Department of Immunology, National School of Biological Sciences, National Polytechnic Institute, 11340 Mexico, DF, Mexico
4Immunology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, P.O. Box 70159, 04510 Mexico, DF, Mexico
Received 27 July 2013; Revised 15 October 2013; Accepted 22 October 2013
Academic Editor: Oscar Bottasso
Copyright © 2013 J. Galicia-Carreón et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is one of the most common eye disorders in ophthalmology. In mice models, it has been suggested that control of allergic conjunctivitis is a delicate balance between Tregs and inflammatory migrating effector cells. Our aim was to evaluate the frequency of Tregs and the frequency of homing receptors expressing cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC). The analyses of phenotypic markers on CD4+ T cells and both soluble or intracellular cytokines were performed by flow cytometry. CD4+CD25+ cells were 15 times more frequent in PBMC from patients than HC; the vast majority of these CD4+CD25+ cells were FOXP3−, and most of CD4+ T cells were CCR4+ and CCR9+ cells. Upon allergen-stimulation, no significant changes were observed in frequency of Treg; however, an increased frequency of CD4+CCR4+CCR9+ cells, CD4+CD103+ cells and CD4+CD108+ cells with increased IL-5, IL-6, and IL-8 production was observed. These findings suggest an immune dysregulation in PAC, characterized by diminished frequency of Tregs and increased frequency of circulating activated CD4+ T cells; upon allergen-stimulation, these cells were expressing cell-surface molecules related to mucosa homing and were able to trigger an inflammatory microenvironment.
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