WHO recommendations for the viruses used in the 2013–2014 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine: Epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B influenza viruses collected from October 2012 to January 2013 ☆

Vaccine

Volume 32, Issue 37, 20 August 2014, Pages 4713–4725

WHO Report

• Ian G. Barr^a, , , 
• Colin Russell^b, 
• Terry G. Besselaar^c, 
• Nancy J. Cox^d, 
• Rod S. Daniels^e, 
• Ruben Donis^d,
• Othmar G. Engelhardt^f, 
• Gary Grohmann^g, 
• Shigeyuki Itamura^h, 
• Anne Kelso^a, 
• John McCauley^e, 
• Takato Odagiri^h, 
• Stacey Schultz-Cherryⁱ, 
• Yuelong Shu^j, 
• Derek Smith^k, 
• Masato Tashiro^h, 
• Dayan Wang^j, 
• Richard Webbyⁱ, 
• Xiyan Xu^d, 
• Zhiping Ye^l, 
• Wenqing Zhang^c, 
• Writing Committee of the World Health Organization Consultation on Northern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccine Composition for 2013–2014

 Show more

DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.014

Get rights and content

Under a Creative Commons license

  Open Access

---

Abstract

In February the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends influenza viruses to be included in influenza vaccines for the forthcoming winter in the Northern Hemisphere. These recommendations are based on data collected by National Influenza Centres (NICs) through the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) and a more detailed analysis of representative and potential antigenically variant influenza viruses from the WHO Collaborating Centres for Influenza (WHO CCs) and Essential Regulatory Laboratories (ERLs). This article provides a detailed summary of the antigenic and genetic properties of viruses and additional background data used by WHO experts during development of the recommendations of the 2013–2014 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine composition.

Article outline

• 1. Introduction
• 2. Influenza activity, September 2012–February 2013
• 3. Overview of antigenic and genetic characteristics of the viruses
• 4. A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses
• 5. A(H3N2) viruses
• 6. Influenza B viruses
• 7. Antiviral resistance
• Acknowledgements
• Appendix A. Supplementary data
• References

• 
  

  Opens in a new window. Article suggestions will be shown in a dialog on return to ScienceDirect.

  Download PDF