The alpha-Gal syndrome: new insights into the tick-host conflict and cooperation

Parasites & Vectors


• Primer
• Open Access

• José de la FuenteEmail author,
• Iván Pacheco,
• Margarita Villar and
• Alejandro Cabezas-Cruz

Parasites & Vectors201912:154

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-019-3413-z

Abstract

This primer focuses on a recently diagnosed tick-borne allergic disease known as the alpha-Gal syndrome (AGS). Tick bites induce in humans high levels of IgE antibodies against the carbohydrate Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal) present on tick salivary glycoproteins and tissues of non-catarrhine mammals, leading to the AGS in some individuals. This immune response evolved as a conflict and cooperation between ticks and human hosts including their gut microbiota.

An Epinephrine Prefilled Syringe (Symjepi) for Anaphylaxis

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February 25, 2019 (Issue: 1566)

The FDA has approved a manually injected, single-dose, prefilled epinephrine syringe (Symjepi – Adamis/Sandoz) for emergency treatment of anaphylaxis. The new device is approved in 0.3- and 0.15-mg strengths for treatment of patients weighing ≥30 kg and 15 to 30 kg, respectively; only the 0.3-mg strength is currently available. According to Sandoz, Symjepi will be made available first to institutions and later to the retail market.

EPINEPHRINE AUTO-INJECTORS — EpiPen and EpiPen Jr, which are also available generically, have been used effectively for treatment of anaphylaxis for many years (see Table 1). A generic version of the Adrenaclick auto-injector (no longer manufactured) is also available; it is similar to EpiPenin size and functionality. Auvi-Q, which is the size of a thick credit card, provides visual signals and audio instructions, has an automatic needle retraction system, and appears to be more convenient to carry and easier to use than EpiPen.1 It is the only auto-injector available in a 0.1-mg strength for use in children weighing 7.5-15 kg.2 Because of differences in device design and instructions for use, these 3 auto-injectors are not considered interchangeable, and pharmacists cannot substitute one for another.

Anaphylactic shock due to patent blue: case report and review of literature

Pan Afr Med J. 2018; 31: 7.

Asma Korbi,1,& Amel Khaskhoussy,1 Ons Cherif,1 Ahmed Hajji,1 Imen Gaddab,1 Amel Chaabene,2 Mouna Gara,3 Fathi Jbeli,3 Lotfi Grati,3 Med Salah Rhim,1 and Raja Faleha1

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Abstract

Intraoperative search for the sentinal node using patent blue is considered a non risk procedure. We emphasize the highly exceptional nature of this adverse effect previously observed in other disciplines using this coloring agent. 

We present a case of allergic reaction to patent blue in a patient who underwent left mastectomy with sentinel lymph node.

Comparison of bench test results measuring the accuracy of peak flow meters

BMC Pulmonary Medicine  RESEARCH ARTICLE

Cristiano VanZeller, Andrew Williams and Ian Pollock

BMC Pulmonary Medicine 2019, 19:74  Abstract Background The study evaluates and compares the accuracy of nine peak flow meters (“PFMs”) and spirometers that are currently available in Europe and have Conformité Européene (“CE”) marking. The CE marking is a manufacturer’s declaration that their product complies with European health regulations and it is a requirement for marketing medical devices in Europe.

Does transbronchial lung cryobiopsy give useful information in asthmatic patients?

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE

Sara Colella, Claudia Ravaglia, Chiara Massaccesi, Vittorio D’Emilio, Gianluca Panella, Federica Fioretti, Emanuele Giovanni Conte, Guido Collina, Riccardo Pela and Venerino Poletti

Multidisciplinary Respiratory Medicine 2019, 14:12

Abstract Introduction Lung biopsy in asthmatic patients is justified in case of atypical presentations of asthma, when other differential diagnoses, such as hypersensitivity pneumonitis or eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, could be possible or for research purposes.

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology

Volume 15 Supplement 2

AllerGen’s 9th Research Conference

• Meeting Abstracts
• Open Access

Proceedings of AllerGen 2019 Research Conference

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology201915 (Suppl 2) :17

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13223-019-0330-9

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Triamcinolone Acetonide versus Fluticasone Propionate in the Treatment of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis: A Randomized, Parallel-Group Trial

Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2019 Mar 15:1-10. doi: 10.1159/000497160. [Epub ahead of print] 
Karaulov AV, Vylegzhanina T, Ovchinnikov A, Chernikova M, Nenasheva N.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Intranasal sprays are recommended as targeted therapy for allergic rhinitis (AR). Triamcinolone acetonide is a nasal corticosteroid preparation indicated for the treatment of seasonal and perennial AR (PAR) in different countries worldwide.

The Effects of Early Nutritional Interventions on the Development of Atopic Disease in Infants and Children: The Role of Maternal Dietary Restriction, Breastfeeding, Hydrolyzed Formulas, and Timing of Introduction of Allergenic Complementary Foods

Pediatrics

April 2019, VOLUME 143 / ISSUE 4

From the American Academy of Pediatrics

Clinical Report

Frank R. Greer, Scott H. Sicherer, A. Wesley Burks, COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION, SECTION ON ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY

 Abstract

This clinical report updates and replaces a 2008 clinical report from the American Academy of Pediatrics, which addressed the roles of maternal and early infant diet on the prevention of atopic disease, including atopic dermatitis, asthma, and food allergy. As with the previous report, the available data still limit the ability to draw firm conclusions about various aspects of atopy prevention through early dietary interventions. Current evidence does not support a role for maternal dietary restrictions during pregnancy or lactation. Although there is evidence that exclusive breastfeeding for 3 to 4 months decreases the incidence of eczema in the first 2 years of life, there are no short- or long-term advantages for exclusive breastfeeding beyond 3 to 4 months for prevention of atopic disease. The evidence now suggests that any duration of breastfeeding ≥3 to 4 months is protective against wheezing in the first 2 years of life, and some evidence suggests that longer duration of any breastfeeding protects against asthma even after 5 years of age. No conclusions can be made about the role of breastfeeding in either preventing or delaying the onset of specific food allergies. There is a lack of evidence that partially or extensively hydrolyzed formula prevents atopic disease. There is no evidence that delaying the introduction of allergenic foods, including peanuts, eggs, and fish, beyond 4 to 6 months prevents atopic disease. There is now evidence that early introduction of peanuts may prevent peanut allergy.

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