Narrative review on the management of moderate-severe atopic dermatitis in pediatric age of the Italian Society of Pediatric Allergology and Immunology (SIAIP), of the Italian Society of Pediatric Dermatology (SIDerP) and of the Italian Society of Pediatrics (SIP)

Galli, E., Fortina, A.B., Ricci, G. et al.

Ital J Pediatr 48, 95 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13052-022-01278-7

Abstract

Currently, there are a few detailed guidelines on the overall management of children and adolescents with moderate-severe atopic dermatitis. AD ​​is a complex disease presenting with different clinical phenotypes, which require an individualized and multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, appropriate interaction between primary care pediatricians, pediatric allergists, and pediatric dermatologists is crucial to finding the best management strategy.

A Clinical Practice Guideline for the Emergency Management of Anaphylaxis (2020)

Li X, Ma Q, Yin J, Zheng Y, Chen R, Chen Y, Li T, Wang Y, Yang K, Zhang H, Tang Y, Chen Y, Dong H, Gu Q, Guo D, Hu X, Xie L, Li B, Li Y, Lin T, Liu F, Liu Z, Lyu L, Mei Q, Shao J, Xin H, Yang F, Yang H, Yang W, Yao X, Yu C, Zhan S, Zhang G, Wang M, Zhu Z, Zhou B, Gu J, Xian M, Lyu Y, Li Z, Zheng H, Cui C, Deng S, Huang C, Li L, Liu P, Men P, Shao C, Wang S, Ma X, Wang Q, Zhai S. 

Front Pharmacol. 2022 Mar 28;13:845689. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.845689. 

Background: For anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction, the incidence rate was presented to have increased from the beginning of the 21st century. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of anaphylaxis are public health concerns.

Objective: This guideline aimed to provide high-quality and evidence-based recommendations for the emergency management of anaphylaxis.

Mepolizumab Reduces Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Flares Irrespective of Blood Eosinophil Count and Interleukin-5

Rothenberg ME, Roufosse F, Faguer S, Gleich GJ, Steinfeld J, Yancey SW, Mavropoulou E, Kwon N; HES Mepolizumab Study Group. Mepolizumab Reduces Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Flares Irrespective of Blood Eosinophil Count and Interleukin-5. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022 May 12:S2213-2198(22)00482-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.04.037. 

Background

Mepolizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 (IL-5) antibody, reduces disease flares in patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). Factors predicting treatment response are unknown.

Objective

To assess mepolizumab efficacy by baseline blood eosinophil count (BEC) and serum IL-5 level in patients with HES.

Methods

This post hoc analysis used data from the phase III study assessing mepolizumab in patients with HES (NCT02836496). Patients 12 years old or older, with HES for 6 or more months, 2 or more flares in the previous year, and BEC ≥1,000 cells/μL at screening were randomized (1:1) to 4-weekly subcutaneous mepolizumab (300 mg) or placebo, plus baseline HES therapy, for 32 weeks.

Impact of acute temperature and air pollution exposures on adult lung function: A panel study of asthmatics

OPEN ACCESS - PEER-REVIEWED - RESEARCH ARTICLE

Richard Evoy, Laurel Kincl, Diana Rohlman, Lisa M. Bramer, Holly M. Dixon, Perry Hystad, Harold Bae, Michael Barton, Aaron Phillips, Rachel L. Miller, Katrina M. Waters, Julie B. Herbstman, Kim A. Anderson.
PLoS One. 2022 Jun 28;17(6):e0270412. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270412. 

Abstract

Background

Individuals with respiratory conditions, such as asthma, are particularly susceptible to adverse health effects associated with higher levels of ambient air pollution and temperature. This study evaluates whether hourly levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and dry bulb globe temperature (DBGT) are associated with the lung function of adult participants with asthma.

Ocular allergy in children and adolescents

Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2022 May 20;50(S Pt 1):30-36. doi: 10.15586/aei.v50iSP1.536. 

Herberto Jose Chong-Neto a*, Cristine Rosario b, Andrea Leonardi c, Nelson Augusto Rosario Filho b

a Division of Allergy and Immunology-Federal University of Paraná, Brazil

b Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil

c Department of Neurosciences, Ophthalmology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy

Abstract

The association between symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) and allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is frequent, and AC is considered a comorbidity of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR). Ocular symptoms are often underestimated and undertreated.

• Research
• Open Access
• Published: 29 June 2022

Effects of obesity on CC16 and their potential role in overweight/obese asthma

• Houman Goudarzi, 
• Hirokazu Kimura, 
• Hiroki Kimura, 
• Hironi Makita, 
• Munehiro Matsumoto, 
• Nozomu Takei, 
• Kaoruko Shimizu, 
• Masaru Suzuki, 
• Taku Watanabe, 
• Eiki Kikuchi, 
• Hiroshi Ohira, 
• Ichizo Tsujino, 
• Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, 
• Naofumi Shinagawa, 
• Noriharu Shijubo, 
• Hirokazu Sato, 
• Katsunori Shigehara, 
• Kichizo Kaga, 
• Yasuhiro Hida, 
• Soichi Murakami, 
• Yuma Ebihara, 
• Akinobu Nakamura, 
• Hideaki Miyoshi, 
• Satoshi Hirano, 
• Nobuyuki Hizawa, 
• Tatsuya Atsumi, 
• Shau-ku Huang, 
• Yoichi M. Ito, 
• Masaharu Nishimura & 
• Satoshi Konno

Respiratory Research volume 23, Article number: 174 (2022)

• details

Abstract

Introduction

Club cell secretory protein-16 (CC16) is a major anti-inflammatory protein expressed in the airway; however, the potential role of CC16 on overweight/obese asthma has not been assessed. In this study, we examined whether obesity reduces airway/circulatory CC16 levels using experimental and epidemiological studies. Then, we explored the mediatory role of CC16 in the relationship of overweight/obesity with clinical asthma measures.

Development of a natural language processing algorithm to detect chronic cough in electronic health records

• Research article
• Open Access
• 
  

• Vishal Bali, 
• Jessica Weaver, 
• Vladimir Turzhitsky, 
• Jonathan Schelfhout, 
• Misti L. Paudel, 
• Erin Hulbert, 
• Jesse Peterson-Brandt, 
• Anne-Marie Guerra Currie & 
• Dylan Bakka 

BMC Pulmonary Medicine volume 22, Article number: 256 (2022) 

• details

Abstract

Background

Chronic cough (CC) is difficult to identify in electronic health records (EHRs) due to the lack of specific diagnostic codes. We developed a natural language processing (NLP) model to identify cough in free-text provider notes in EHRs from multiple health care providers with the objective of using the model in a rules-based CC algorithm to identify individuals with CC from EHRs and to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of individuals with CC.

Methods

This was a retrospective observational study of enrollees in Optum’s Integrated Clinical + Claims Database.

Serum IL-5, POSTN and IL-33 levels in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis correlate with clinical severity

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Hanna Zielińska-Bliźniewska, 
• Milena Paprocka-Zjawiona, 
• Anna Merecz-Sadowska, 
• Radosław Zajdel, 
• Katarzyna Bliźniewska-Kowalska & 
• Katarzyna Malinowska 

BMC Immunology volume 23, Article number: 33 (2022) 

• details

Abstract

Background

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a group of heterogeneous diseases characterized by epithelial inflammation and tissue eosinophilic infiltration. IL-5, POSTN, and IL-33 are important factors that act as chemoattractants for eosinophils, and a tissue-remodeling protein positively correlated with eosinophils in blood and mediators of eosinophilic infiltration. The aim of the study was to determine the expression of IL-5, POSTN and IL-33, at the gene and protein levels, in eosinophilic CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and to correlate this expression with clinical severity.

Materials and methods

The study included 40 CRSwNP patients and 53 CRSsNP patients and 40 control subjects. The expression of IL-5, POSTN and IL-33 mRNA was determined in sinonasal mucosal samples and in nasal polyp tissue by real-time PCR. Protein levels in the serum of CRSwNP patients were measured by ELISA. Computed tomography was evaluated according to Lund–Mackay scores, and visual analog scale scores were assessed.

Results

NP tissue demonstrated significantly higher IL-5 and POSTN mRNA expression than the sinonasal tissue in the CRSsNP and CRSwNP groups. CRS groups demonstrated elevated IL-33 mRNA expression in comparison to controls irrespective of the presence of NP. No correlation was found between IL-5, POSTN and IL-33 mRNA expression and disease severity. CRSwNP group demonstrated significantly higher serum IL-5, POSTN and IL-33 protein levels than controls, and this corresponds to disease severity.

Conclusion

Serum IL-5, POSTN and IL-33 levels may be important markers for classification of eosinophilic CRSwNP patients, along with disease severity.

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