A European-Japanese study on peach allergy: IgE to Pru p 7 associates with severity

Kallen EJJ, Revers A, Fernández-Rivas M, Asero Ret al.  Allergy. 2023 Jun 19. doi: 10.1111/all.15783. Epub ahead of print. 

Abstract

Background

Pru p 3 and Pru p 7 have been implicated as risk factors for severe peach allergy. This study aimed to establish sensitization patterns to five peach components across Europe and in Japan, to explore their relation to pollen and foods and to predict symptom severity.

Methods

In twelve European (EuroPrevall project) and one Japanese outpatient clinic, a standardized clinical evaluation was conducted in 1231 patients who reported symptoms to peach and/or were sensitized to peach. Specific IgE against Pru p 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 and against Cup s 7 was measured in 474 of them. Univariable and multivariable Lasso regression was applied to identify combinations of parameters predicting severity.

World Allergy Week 2023

 

Breakthrough evidence based on the dual allergen exposure hypothesis—both skin intervention and oral intervention

Yamamoto-Hanada K, Ohya Y. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023 Jun 14. doi: 10.3345/cep.2023.00045. Epub ahead of print. 

Abstract

Early-onset atopic dermatitis increases the risk of food allergies, suggesting that transcutaneous sensitization may occur through inflamed skin. Regarding food allergy causation, the dual allergen exposure hypothesis proposes that oral-route allergen exposure leads to immune tolerance, whereas allergen exposure via the inflamed skin causes food allergy.

The Natural Course of IgE-mediated Food Allergy in Children

Jeong K, Lee S. Clin Exp Pediatr. 2023 Jun 14. doi: 10.3345/cep.2022.01004.

Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy and food-induced anaphylaxis in children is increasing worldwide. Cow’s milk, hen’s egg, and wheat allergies in young children have more favorable prognosis with relatively early outgrow, while allergies to peanut, tree nuts, and seafood have higher tendency to be persistent. Although we still have an inadequate understanding about the mechanism underlying the resolution of food allergy, the roles of dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, and regulatory B cells are known to be important. Many past studies on the natural course of food allergy have been retrospective analyses of specific study groups, but recently, large-scale population-based prospective studies are being published.

Suspected cutaneous adverse drug reactions reported with traditional medicines: analysis of data for United Nations Asia region from WHO VigiBase

Barvaliya MJ, Chetan AC, Chandan N, et al. Front Pharmacol. 2023 May 30;14:1088841. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1088841. 

Background: Data on traditional medicine-induced cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is very scarce. The current secondary analysis based on the WHO database (VigiBase) of individual case safety reports (ICSRs) focuses on the suspected cutaneous ADRs linked to traditional medicines (TMs).

Methods: All the ICSRs reported between 1st January 2016 and 30th June 2021 from the UN Asia region in VigiBase where at least one TM was suspected to cause cutaneous ADRs were included in the study.

ARIA Care Pathways 2019: Next-Generation Allergic Rhinitis Care and Allergen Immunotherapy in Malaysia.

Abdul Latiff AH, Husain S, Abdullah Bet al. J Pers Med. 2023 May 15;13(5):835. doi: 10.3390/jpm13050835.

Abstract

An increase in the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) worldwide presents a significant burden to the health care system. An initiative was started in Europe designated as Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) to develop internationally applicable guidelines by utilising an evidence-based approach to address this crucial issue. The efforts are directed at empowerment of patients for self-management, the use of digital mobile technology to complement and personalise treatment, and establishment of real-life integrated care pathways (ICPs).

Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Thaweethai T, Jolley SE, Karlson EW, Let al.  JAMA. 2023 Jun 13;329(22):1934-1946. doi: 10.1001/jama.2023.8823.

Key Points

Question  What symptoms are differentially present in SARS-CoV-2–infected individuals 6 months or more after infection compared with uninfected individuals, and what symptom-based criteria can be used to identify postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) cases?

Findings  In this analysis of data from 9764 participants in the RECOVER adult cohort, a prospective longitudinal cohort study, 37 symptoms across multiple pathophysiological domains were identified as present more often in SARS-CoV-2–infected participants at 6 months or more after infection compared with uninfected participants. A preliminary rule for identifying PASC was derived based on a composite symptom score.

Broad-spectrum pan-genus and pan-family virus vaccines

Chee Wah Tan, Sophie A. Valkenburg, Leo L.M. Poon, Lin-Fa Wang.  Cell Host & Microbe, Volume 31, Issue 6, 2023, Pages 902-916,

Summary

Although the development and clinical application of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated unprecedented vaccine success in a short time frame, it also revealed a limitation of current vaccines in their inability to provide broad-spectrum or universal protection against emerging variants. Broad-spectrum vaccines, therefore, remain a dream and challenge for vaccinology. This review will focus on current and future efforts in developing universal vaccines targeting different viruses at the genus and/or family levels, with a special focus on henipaviruses, influenza viruses, and coronaviruses.