Front. Immunol., 06 January 2014 | doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00504
Wei Xu1* and Jacques Banchereau2- 1Pharma Research and Early Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Roche Glycart AG, Schlieren, Switzerland
- 2The Jackson Laboratory, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA
The professional antigen presenting cells (APCs), including many subsets of dendritic cells and macrophages, not only mediate prompt but non-specific response against microbes, but also bridge the antigen-specific adaptive immune response through antigen presentation. In the latter, typically activated B cells acquire cognate signals from T helper cells in the germinal center of lymphoid follicles to differentiate into plasma cells (PCs), which generate protective antibodies. Recent advances have revealed that many APC subsets provide not only “signal 1” (the antigen), but also “signal 2” to directly instruct the differentiation process of PCs in a T-cell-independent manner. Herein, the different signals provided by these APC subsets to direct B cell proliferation, survival, class switching, and terminal differentiation are discussed. We furthermore propose that the next generation of vaccines for boosting antibody response could be designed by targeting APCs.
Keywords: plasma cells, antigen presenting cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells
Citation: Xu W and Banchereau J (2014) The antigen presenting cells instruct plasma cell differentiation. Front. Immunol. 4:504. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00504
Received: 24 October 2013; Accepted: 20 December 2013;
Published online: 06 January 2014.
Published online: 06 January 2014.
Edited by:
Catherine Pellat-Deceunynck, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France
Reviewed by:
Laurence Morel, University of Florida, USAPaulo Vieira, Institut Pasteur de Paris, France
Gaetan Jego, University of Burgundy, France
Copyright: © 2014 Xu and Banchereau. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Wei Xu, Human Immunology Unit, Pharma Research and Early Development, Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Roche Glycart AG, Wagistrasse 18, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland e-mail: wei.xu.wx6@roche.com
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