REVIEW ARTICLE
Marina Cella
Hannah Miller and - Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
For a long time, natural killer (NK) cells were thought to be the only innate immune lymphoid population capable of responding to invading pathogens under the influence of changing environmental cues. In the last few years, an increasing amount of evidence has shown that a number of different innate lymphoid cell (ILC) populations found at mucosal sites rapidly respond to locally produced cytokines in order to establish or maintain homeostasis. These ILC populations closely mirror the phenotype of adaptive T helper subsets in their repertoire of secreted soluble factors. Early in the immune response, ILCs are responsible for setting the stage to mount an adaptive T cell response that is appropriate for the incoming insult. Here, we review the diversity of ILC subsets and discuss similarities and differences between ILCs and NK cells in function and key transcriptional factors required for their development.
Keywords: innate lymphoid cells, IL-22, NKp44, cytokines, mucosal tissues
Citation: Cella M, Miller H and Song C (2014) Beyond NK cells: the expanding universe of innate lymphoid cells. Front. Immunol. 5:282. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00282
Received: 03 March 2014; Accepted: 30 May 2014;
Published online: 16 June 2014.
Published online: 16 June 2014.
Edited by:
Massimo Vitale, IRCCS A.O.U.S.Martino-IST, Italy
Reviewed by:
Andreas Diefenbach, University of Freiburg, GermanyAharon Freud, Ohio State University, USA
Copyright: © 2014 Cella, Miller and Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Marina Cella, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, BJCIH Room 8107, 425 South Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA e-mail: mcella@pathology.wustl.edu
Keywords: innate lymphoid cells, IL-22, NKp44, cytokines, mucosal tissues
Citation: Cella M, Miller H and Song C (2014) Beyond NK cells: the expanding universe of innate lymphoid cells. Front. Immunol. 5:282. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00282
Received: 03 March 2014; Accepted: 30 May 2014;
Published online: 16 June 2014.
Published online: 16 June 2014.
Edited by:
Massimo Vitale, IRCCS A.O.U.S.Martino-IST, Italy
Reviewed by:
Andreas Diefenbach, University of Freiburg, GermanyAharon Freud, Ohio State University, USA
Copyright: © 2014 Cella, Miller and Song. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
*Correspondence: Marina Cella, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, BJCIH Room 8107, 425 South Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA e-mail: mcella@pathology.wustl.edu
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