Maternal dietary indexes are not linked to early childhood wheezing or atopic eczema

Sivula E, Puharinen H, Hantunen S, Keski-Nisula L, Backman K.  Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2024; 35:e14099. doi:10.1111/pai.14099

Abstract

Background

Several recent studies have investigated the association between maternal diet during pregnancy and wheezing or asthma in children. However, whether a specific dietary pattern during pregnancy protects children from wheezing or atopic diseases remains unclear. This study investigated the association between The Alternative Healthy Eating Index for Pregnancy (AHEI-P), the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and the risk for wheezing and atopic eczema in children during the first year of life.

Methods

This study included 1330 mother–child pairs who attended the Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo) study and had dietary information during the last trimester and information on children's health in the first year of life.

AHEI-P and DII indicate a healthy diet and dietary inflammation potential during pregnancy. The AHEI-P and DII were compared with reported wheezing and doctor-diagnosed atopic eczema in children during the first year of life.

Results

Maternal dietary patterns by continuous variables, in relation to
the wheezing and atopic eczema in children.

Neither AHEI-P nor DII is associated with wheezing or atopic eczema in children when analyzed by continuous variables and by tertiles. The odds ratio (95% CI) for AHEI-P and wheezing was 0.99 (0.98–1.01), for AHEI-P and atopic eczema1.01 (0.99–1.02), for DII and wheezing 1.02 (0.95–1.09), and for DII and atopic eczema 0.97 (0.91–1.04).

Conclusion

In this cohort study, AHEI-P and DII during pregnancy were not associated with wheezing or atopic eczema in the offspring during the first year of life.

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