Total IgE in tears accurately reflects the severity and predicts the prognosis of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis

 

ORIGINAL ARTICLE Open Access

Jiayu Bao,Lei Tian,Yifan Meng,Binge Wu,Jingyi Wang,Jing He,Qiyan Shao,Chengshuo Wang,Ying Jie,Luo Zhang

https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.12139

Abstract

Background

Although immunoglobulin E (IgE) increases significantly in tears and serum during seasonal allergic conjunctivitis (SAC), it is unclear whether tear total IgE can reflect the severity and prognosis of SAC more accurately than serum total IgE. We aimed to investigate the usefulness of measuring the total IgE in tears to evaluate the severity and determine the treatment of SAC.

Bradykinin-induced angioedema in the emergency department

• Review
• Open Access
• 
  

• Jacques Hébert, 
• Jean-Nicolas Boursiquot, 
• Hugo Chapdelaine, 
• Benoit Laramée, 
• Marylin Desjardins, 
• Rémi Gagnon, 
• Nancy Payette, 
• Oleksandra Lepeshkina & 
• Matthieu Vincent 

International Journal of Emergency Medicine volume 15, Article number: 15 (2022) 

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Abstract

Background

Acute airway angioedema commonly occurs through two distinct mechanisms: histamine- and bradykinin-dependent. Although they respond to distinct treatments, these two potentially life-threatening states present similarly. Poor recognition of the bradykinin-dependent pathway leads to treatment errors in the emergency department (ED), despite the availability of multiple pharmacologic options for hereditary angioedema (HAE) and other forms of bradykinin-induced angioedema. Here, we consider the pathophysiology and clinical features of bradykinin-induced angioedema, and we present a systematic literature review exploring the effectiveness of the available therapies for managing such cases.

Local nebulization of 1α,25(OH)2D3 attenuates LPS-induced acute lung inflammation

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Jef Serré, 
• Carolien Mathyssen, 
• Tom Tanjeko Ajime, 
• Tobias Heigl, 
• Lieve Verlinden, 
• Karen Maes, 
• Annemieke Verstuyf, 
• Didier Cataldo, 
• Jeroen Vanoirbeek, 
• Bart Vanaudenaerde, 
• Wim Janssens & 
• Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez 

Respiratory Research volume 23, Article number: 76 (2022) 

Abstract

Background

Evidence supports a critical role of vitamin D status on exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, indicating the need to avoid vitamin D deficiency in these patients. However, oral vitamin D supplementation is limited by the potential risk for hypercalcemia. In this study, we investigated if local delivery of vitamin D to the lungs improves vitamin D-mediated anti-inflammatory action in response to acute inflammation without inducing hypercalcemia.

Methods

We studied vitamin D sufficient (VDS) or deficient (VDD) mice in whom 1α,25(OH)2D3 (0.2 μg/kg) or a vehicle followed by lipopolysaccharide (LPS 25 µg) were delivered to the lung as a micro-spray.

Results

Local 1α,25(OH)2D3 reduced LPS-induced inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in VDS (absolute number of cells: − 57% and neutrophils − 51% p < 0.01) and tended to diminish LPS-increased CXCL5 BAL levels in VDS (− 40%, p = 0.05) while it had no effect on CXCL1 and CXCL2 in BAL and mRNA in lung of VDS and VDD. It also significantly attenuated the increased IL-13 in BAL and lung, especially in VDD mice (− 41 and − 75%, respectively). mRNA expression of Claudin-18 in lung was significantly lower in VDS mice with local 1α,25(OH)2D3 while Claudin-3, -5 and -8 mRNA levels remained unchanged. Finally, in VDD mice only, LPS reduced lung mRNA expression of adhesion junction Zona-occludens-1, in addition to increasing uric acid and total protein in BAL, which both were prevented by local 1α,25(OH)2D3.

Conclusion

Under normal levels of vitamin D, local 1α,25(OH)2D3 nebulization into the lung efficiently reduced LPS induction of inflammatory cells in BAL and slightly attenuated LPS-increase in CXCL5. In case of severe vitamin D deficiency, although local 1α,25(OH)2D3 nebulization failed to significantly minimize cellular inflammation in BAL at this dose, it prevented epithelial barrier leakage and damage in lung. Additional research is needed to determine the potential long-term beneficial effects of local 1α,25(OH)2D3 nebulization on lung inflammation.

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Outcome of a de-labelling algorithm compared with results of penicillin (β-lactam) allergy testing

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Philipp Schrüfer, 
• Johanna Stoevesandt & 
• Axel Trautmann 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 26 (2022) 

• details

Abstract

Background

Penicillin allergy labels frequently impede guideline-directed treatment with a penicillin or other β-lactam antibiotics. Despite presumed allergy, targeted questioning may indicate a low probability of sensitization and permit reasonably safe administration of the antibiotic in question. In this study, we evaluated a standardized algorithm aiming to differentiate non-allergic patients from those with true allergic β-lactam hypersensitivity.

Methods

We retrospectively applied a de-labelling algorithm in 800 consecutive patients with suspected β-lactam hypersensitivity. All had undergone complete allergy work-up permitting to definitely exclude or diagnose β-lactam allergy between 2009 and 2019.

Spirometry parameters used to define small airways obstruction in population-based studies: systematic review

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Ben Knox-Brown, 
• Octavia Mulhern, 
• Johanna Feary & 
• Andre F. S. Amaral 

Respiratory Research volume 23, Article number: 67 (2022) 

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Abstract

Background

The assessment of small airways obstruction (SAO) using spirometry is practiced in population-based studies. However, it is not clear what are the most used parameters and cut-offs to define abnormal results.

Methods

We searched three databases (Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar) for population-based studies, published by 1 May 2021, that used spirometry parameters to identify SAO and/or provided criteria for defining SAO.

Comparison of circulating fibrocytes from non-asthmatic patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis between in and out of pollen season samples

• Research
• Open Access
• 
  

• Marie-Ève Côté, 
• Marie-Ève Boulay, 
• Sophie Plante, 
• Andréanne Côté, 
• Jamila Chakir & 
• Louis-Philippe Boulet 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 24 (2022) 

Abstract

Background 

Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for asthma development. In asthma, fibroblast progenitors, fibrocytes, are increased in the blood and bronchial mucosa following allergen exposure. These cells may play a role in lower airways remodeling as observed in non-asthmatic subjects with allergic rhinitis.

Monitoring patients with uncomplicated common variable immunodeficiency: a systematic review

• Letter to the Editor
• Open Access
• 
  

• Erika Yue Lee, 
• Stephen Betschel & 
• Eyal Grunebaum 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 21 (2022)

• details

Abstract

Background

Non-infectious complications have become a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID). The monitoring of patients with CVID prior to the development of non-infectious complications is not well defined.

CD4, CD8 and natural killer cells are depressed in patients with alopecia areata: their association with disease activity

Abdel-Khalek Younes, 

Refaat Hammad, 

Mona Othman & 

Ali Sobhy 

BMC Immunology volume 23, Article number: 13 (2022)

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Abstract

Background

Alopecia areata (AA) is a common inflammatory disorder targeting the hair follicles leading to non-scaring hair loss. The pathogenesis of AA is still unclear, despite the accumulating evidence of the immune-mediated nature of this disease. So, in this study, we aimed to assess the level of CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells and natural killer (NK) cells in the peripheral blood of patients with active AA and control subjects, and to evaluate the association between the level of those cells and the duration of disease in different subtypes of AA.

Correlation between sensitization to house dust mite major allergens, age, and symptoms in Japanese house dust mite allergic subjects

 

International Immunopharmacology Volume 107, June 2022, 108640

Akira Hasegawa, Daichi Utsumi, Kaare Lund, Mitsuhiro Okano, Katsuyo Ohashi-Doi, Kimihiro Okubo

Abstract

Der p 23 has recently been recognized as a new house dust mite (HDM) major allergen that may be linked to the development of asthma in HDM allergic patients. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of sensitization to HDM major allergen components including Der p 23 and to examine the correlation between HDM-sensitization and AR symptom score in Japanese HDM allergic rhinitis (AR) patients without allergic asthma.

Identification of gene biomarkers with expression profiles in patients with allergic rhinitis

Research - Open Access

Yun Hao, Boqian Wang, Jinming Zhao, Ping Wang, Yali Zhao, Xiangdong Wang, Yan Zhao & Luo Zhang 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 20 (2022) 

Abstract

Background

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an upper respiratory tract inflammation disease caused by IgE-mediated reactions against inhaled allergens. The incidence of AR is significantly increasing throughout the world. Hence, more specific, and sensitive gene biomarkers and understanding the underlying pathways are necessary to further explore the AR pathogenesis.

Objective

To identify gene biomarkers in nasal mucosa and in blood from AR patients which could be used in AR diagnosis.

Rituximab and dupilumab improve eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis with multiple pulmonary thrombi

• Case Report
• Open Access
• 
  

• Sei Adachi, 
• Chiyako Oshikata, 
• Takeshi Kaneko & 
• Naomi Tsurikisawa 

Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology volume 18, Article number: 18 (2022) 

• details

Abstract

Background

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is characterized by a necrotizing vasculitis with tissue and peripheral blood eosinophilia affecting small and medium-sized arteries, capillaries, and veins. Venous thromboembolic events are uncommon in EGPA. Moreover, there are only a few reported cases of EGPA complicated by pulmonary embolism or infarction.