Cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 restores bronchial epithelium by regulating oxidative stress and STAT6 phosphorylation

Pérez-Diego M, Angelina A, Pat Y, Maldonado A, Sevilla-Ortega C, Martín-Cruz L, Yazici D, Rückert B, Sokolowska M, Martín-Fontecha M, Akdis M, Akdis CA, Palomares O. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2025 May 16:S0091-6749(25)00551-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2025.05.002.

Abstract

Background

Viral infections and type 2 immune responses perpetuate airway epithelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation, leading to the development and progression of asthma. The synthetic cannabinoid WIN55,212-2 displays anti-inflammatory properties by acting on different immune system cells.

Objectives

To investigate the capacity of WIN55,212-2 to restore bronchial epithelial barrier function in asthma in the context of viral infections or type 2-driven inflammation.

Is fibromyalgia an autoimmune disorder?

 Clauw D, Sarzi-Puttini P, Pellegrino G, Shoenfeld Y.  Autoimmun Rev. 2024 Jan;23(1):103424. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103424. 

Highlights

• •
  Certain aspects of FM are still controversial, including pathophysiology, which remain a subject of debate
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  FM shares many clinical features, sometimes designing overlapping diseases, with other conditions, including, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), sick building syndrome (SBS), post-COVID syndrome, and many others
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  Anti-GPCR (anti- G protein-coupled receptor antibodies), autoantibodies directed against the autonomic nervous system receptors, have been detected in the serum of patients with FM, and their titers correlated with clinical symptoms
• •
  Fibromyalgia belongs to nociplastic pain which means that the central nervous system is the driving force behind this pain mechanism, and the key phenotypic features include widespread pain, fatigue, and sleep, memory, and mood disturbances

External exposome and incident asthma across the life course in 14 European cohorts: a prospective analysis within the EXPANSE project

Yu, ZhebinMetspalu, Andres et al. The Lancet Regional Health – Europe, Volume 0, Issue 0, 101314

Summary

Background

The joint impact of exposure to multiple urban environmental factors on asthma remains unclear.

Methods

We analysed data from 14 European cohorts to assess the impact of the urban exposome on asthma incidence across the life course. We linked three external exposome domains (air pollution, built environment, ambient temperature) to the participants’ home addresses at baseline. We performed k-means clustering within each domain and assessed associations of clusters with asthma adjusting for potentially relevant covariates in cohort-specific analyses, with subsequent separate meta-analyses for birth and adult cohorts. An environmental risk score using a coefficient-weighted sum approach was used to assess the impact of combining the three domains.

Findings

 Associations between the environmental risk score
(combining three external exposome domains)
and asthma incidence

A total of 7428 incident asthma cases were identified among 349,037 participants (from birth up to age 70+). Overall, we observed higher risks of asthma for clusters characterized by high particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide exposure in adults (ORmeta = 1.13, 95%CI:1.01–1.25), and clusters characterized by high built-up area and low levels of greenness in both children and adults (ORmeta = 1.36, 95%CI: 1.14–1.64 for birth cohorts and ORmeta = 1.15, 95%CI: 1.03–1.28 for adult cohorts, respectively).

Intranasal Schirmer Test: A Useful Diagnostic Tool in Nasal Allergen Provocation Testing

von der Lage P, Bächinger D, Marti S, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Röösli C, Lang C, Soyka M. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2025 May 17:S1081-1206(25)00237-6. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2025.05.012.

Abstract

Background: The intranasal Schirmer test (INSCH) is a quick method to objectify nasal secretion. This study aims to use the INSCH to assess nasal secretion change through direct nasal allergen provocation (NPT).

Objective: This prospective single-center study included patients who received allergy diagnostics using NPT and anterior rhinomanometry (aRMM).

Methods: The Schirmer filter paper was attached to the nasal septum bilaterally pre- and post-allergen provocation. Additionally, all participants completed the sinonasal outcome test 22 (SNOT-22). The difference in wetting length before and after allergen provocation was investigated. Moreover, a cut-off value for allergic rhinitis were calculated.

Results: A total of n = 25 patients and n = 25 in the control group were included.

Emerging Novel Biomarkers in Allergic Rhinitis: A Narrative Review

Mishra T, Sasanka K, Sudha TY S, et al. (May 23, 2025)  Cureus 17(5): e84705 doi:10.7759/cureus.84705

Abstract

Flow diagram depicting study search and screening

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a highly prevalent, immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammatory condition that significantly impacts global public health. While conventional biomarkers such as total and specific IgE and eosinophil counts are widely used, their limitations in diagnostic precision and treatment response prediction have prompted research into novel biomarkers. This review synthesizes emerging evidence from the past 15 years on innovative molecular markers implicated in AR pathogenesis and management. A comprehensive literature search identified preclinical and clinical studies investigating promising biomarkers, including periostin, microRNA-155, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α), Granzyme A (GZMA), CD39, and several serum and nasal fluid proteins such as orosomucoid (ORM), apolipoprotein H (APOH), and serpin family b member 3 (SERPINB3).

Diagnostic value of EOS count and serum VEGF in bronchial asthma and their correlation with inflammatory factors and lung function indicators

Liu, L., Zhang, C., Xu, J. et al.  BMC Pulm Med 25, 242 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-025-03485-4

Abstract

Objective

To probe the diagnostic value of direct eosinophils (EOS) count and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in bronchial asthma (BA) and their correlation with inflammatory factors and lung function indicators.

Methods

A total of 66 patients with BA (BA group) were retrospectively gathered, who were further divided into mild (n = 25), moderate (n = 31), and severe (n = 10) subgroups based on asthma severity. Additionally, 60 healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations during the same period were enrolled as the normal group. The EOS count, serum VEGF, inflammatory factors [interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-10 (IL-10)], and lung function indicators [forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) as a percentage of the predicted value, FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC)] were compared among different groups.

Investigating the Role of Mosquito Repellents in Atopic Dermatitis

 Xiaoxue Wang, Zexin Zhu. Food and Chemical Toxicology Available online 20 My 2025, 115571

Highlights

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  Mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been widely employed to prevent mosquito bites.
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  Currently, MRCCs are frequently identified in various environmental contexts.
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  MRCCs can trigger skin inflammation through multiple signaling pathways and are associated with the induction of atopic dermatitis (AD).
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  MRCCs have the potential to interact with key targets implicated in the progression of AD.
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  The findings from the network toxicology and molecular docking analyses were subsequently validated through in vitro cellular experiments.

ABSTRACT:

Mosquito bites are prevalent occurrences among various populations worldwide, mosquito repellent chemical components (MRCCs) have been extensively utilized.

Skin Staphylococcus aureus detection and relationship to atopic dermatitis outcomes using culture and metagenomic sequencing

Dahal, A., Chang, W.C., Johansson, E. et al.  Sci Rep 15, 17606 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99463-1

Abstract

Total samples categories and detection rates by different methodologies

Staphylococcus aureus (SA) skin colonization in pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD) increases risk for severe AD and development of other allergic diseases. Despite this, there is no consensus regarding the optimal method to detect SA. Studies comparing metagenomic shotgun sequencing (MSS) and culture-based methods in SA detection and relationships to AD outcomes are lacking. In the Mechanisms of Progression of Atopic Dermatitis to Asthma in Children (MPAACH) cohort, we defined SA colonization categories by contact agar plate sampling/culture and skin tape sampling/MSS: double negative, sequencing only positive, contact plate only positive, and double positive (n = 759).