Electronic Monitoring Devices to Support Inhalation Technique in Patients with Asthma: a Narrative Review

Amber A. Eikholt MSc, 

Mechteld B. R. Wiertz MSc,MD, 

Mark Hew MBBS,PhD, 

Amy H. Y. Chan BPharm,(Hons),PhD & 

Job F. M. van Boven PharmD,PhD 

Current Treatment Options in Allergy volume 10, pages28–52 (2023)

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Improper inhaling technique is common and is associated with poor patient outcomes. However, digital e-health devices may offer novel opportunities for educational support. This narrative review provides an overview of electronic monitoring devices (EMDs) measuring patient inhalation technique. We summarise their technical features, capabilities and limitations and discuss the steps necessary for implementation in clinical practice.

Recent Findings

Six EMDs measuring inhalation were identified. The quality of published evidence varied widely. Devices differed in the inhalation technique steps measured, the feedback provided and the type of sensor employed.

Sustainability and battery life differed according to whether devices were built into inhalers or add-ons. Nevertheless, all EMDs could reliably capture diverse inhaler technique errors, and some can guide educational interventions and follow-up treatment. In addition, some EMDs may serve as an early warning system for exacerbations.

Summary

New-generation EMDs can measure patient inhalation technique, yet there is limited data on patient preferences, acceptability of inhaler technique monitoring, cost-effectiveness and the influence of inhaler technique monitoring on clinical outcomes, all representing areas for further research.

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